@article {1567, title = {Candidate gene association study for diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe).}, journal = {Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci}, volume = {52}, year = {2011}, month = {2011 Sep 29}, pages = {7593-602}, abstract = {

PURPOSE: To investigate whether variants in cardiovascular candidate genes, some of which have been previously associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic nephropathy (DN), are associated with DR in the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe).

METHODS: Persons with T2D who were enrolled in the study (n = 2691) had fundus photography and genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 2000 candidate genes. Two case definitions were investigated: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grades >= 14 and >= 30. The χ{\texttwosuperior} analyses for each CARe cohort were combined by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) pooling of odds ratios (ORs) and corrected for multiple hypothesis testing. Logistic regression was performed with adjustment for other DR risk factors. Results from replication in independent cohorts were analyzed with CMH meta-analysis methods.

RESULTS: Among 39 genes previously associated with DR, DN, or T2D, three SNPs in P-selectin (SELP) were associated with DR. The strongest association was to rs6128 (OR = 0.43, P = 0.0001, after Bonferroni correction). These associations remained significant after adjustment for DR risk factors. Among other genes examined, several variants were associated with DR with significant P values, including rs6856425 tagging α-l-iduronidase (IDUA) (P = 2.1 {\texttimes} 10(-5), after Bonferroni correction). However, replication in independent cohorts did not reveal study-wide significant effects. The P values after replication were 0.55 and 0.10 for rs6128 and rs6856425, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Genes associated with DN, T2D, and vascular diseases do not appear to be consistently associated with DR. A few genetic variants associated with DR, particularly those in SELP and near IDUA, should be investigated in additional DR cohorts.

}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Nephropathies, Diabetic Retinopathy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Iduronidase, Odds Ratio, P-Selectin, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors}, issn = {1552-5783}, doi = {10.1167/iovs.11-7510}, author = {Sobrin, Lucia and Green, Todd and Sim, Xueling and Jensen, Richard A and Tai, E Shyong and Tay, Wan Ting and Wang, Jie Jin and Mitchell, Paul and Sandholm, Niina and Liu, Yiyuan and Hietala, Kustaa and Iyengar, Sudha K and Brooks, Matthew and Buraczynska, Monika and Van Zuydam, Natalie and Smith, Albert V and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Doney, Alex S F and Morris, Andrew D and Leese, Graham P and Palmer, Colin N A and Swaroop, Anand and Taylor, Herman A and Wilson, James G and Penman, Alan and Chen, Ching J and Groop, Per-Henrik and Saw, Seang-Mei and Aung, Tin and Klein, Barbara E and Rotter, Jerome I and Siscovick, David S and Cotch, Mary Frances and Klein, Ronald and Daly, Mark J and Wong, Tien Y} }