@article {706,
	title = {Fibrin fragment D-dimer and the risk of future venous thrombosis.},
	journal = {Blood},
	volume = {101},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003 Feb 15},
	pages = {1243-8},
	abstract = {<p>Plasma D-dimer concentration rises more than 100-fold during acute deep vein thrombosis, but there are no prospective data concerning D-dimer as a risk factor for incident venous thrombosis in a general population. Incident venous thrombosis was ascertained in 2 prospective observational studies, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Cardiovascular Health Study. Of 21 690 participants enrolled between 1987 and 1993, after 8 years of follow-up, D-dimer was measured using baseline stored plasma of 307 participants who developed venous thrombosis and 616 who did not. Relative to the first quintile of the distribution of D-dimer, the age-adjusted odds ratios for future venous thrombosis for the second to fifth quintiles of D-dimer were 1.6, 2.3, 2.3, and 4.2, respectively (P for trend <.0001). Following added adjustment for sex, race, body mass index, factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, and elevated factor VIII coagulant activity (factor VIII:c), these odds ratios were 1.5, 2.1, 1.9, and 3.0, respectively (P for trend <.0001). Among those with idiopathic thrombosis or secondary thrombosis unrelated to cancer, the adjusted fifth quintile odds ratios were 3.5 and 4.8, respectively. By contrast, D-dimer in the fifth versus first quintile was not related to occurrence of cancer-associated thrombosis (odds ratio, 1.1). Odds ratios for elevated D-dimer were consistently elevated in subgroups defined by age, sex, race, duration of follow-up, and thrombosis type (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolus). D-dimer is strongly and positively related to the occurrence of future venous thrombosis.</p>},
	keywords = {Aged, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, Continental Population Groups, Factor V, Factor VIII, Female, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Prothrombin, Risk Factors, Venous Thrombosis},
	issn = {0006-4971},
	doi = {10.1182/blood-2002-05-1416},
	author = {Cushman, Mary and Folsom, Aaron R and Wang, Lu and Aleksic, Nena and Rosamond, Wayne D and Tracy, Russell P and Heckbert, Susan R}
}
@article {7376,
	title = {Gene-centric approach identifies new and known loci for FVIII activity and VWF antigen levels in European Americans and African Americans.},
	journal = {Am J Hematol},
	volume = {90},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Jun},
	pages = {534-40},
	abstract = {<p>Coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (VWF) are key proteins in procoagulant activation. Higher FVIII coagulant activity (FVIII :C) and VWF antigen (VWF :Ag) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism. Beyond associations with ABO blood group, genetic determinants of FVIII and VWF are not well understood, especially in non European-American populations. We performed a genetic association study of FVIII :C and VWF:Ag that assessed 50,000 gene-centric single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 18,556 European Americans (EAs) and 5,047 African Americans (AAs) from five population-based cohorts. Previously unreported associations for FVIII :C were identified in both AAs and EAs with KNG1 (most significantly associated SNP rs710446, Ile581Thr, Ile581Thr, P = 5.10 {\texttimes} 10(-7) in EAs and P = 3.88 {\texttimes} 10(-3) in AAs) and VWF rs7962217 (Gly2705Arg,P = 6.30 {\texttimes} 10(-9) in EAs and P = 2.98 {\texttimes} 10(-2) in AAs. Significant associations for FVIII :C were also observed with F8/TMLHE region SNP rs12557310 in EAs (P = 8.02 {\texttimes} 10(-10) ), with VWF rs1800380 in AAs (P = 5.62 {\texttimes} 10(-11) ), and with MAT1A rs2236568 in AAs (P51.69 {\texttimes} 10(-6) ). We replicated previously reported associations of FVIII :C and VWF :Ag with the ABO blood group, VWF rs1063856(Thr789Ala), rs216321 (Ala852Gln), and VWF rs2229446 (Arg2185Gln). Findings from this study expand our understanding of genetic influences for FVIII :C and VWF :Ag in both EAs and AAs.</p>},
	keywords = {Adult, African Americans, Aged, European Continental Ancestry Group, Factor VIII, Female, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Methionine Adenosyltransferase, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Venous Thromboembolism, von Willebrand Factor},
	issn = {1096-8652},
	doi = {10.1002/ajh.24005},
	author = {Tang, Weihong and Cushman, Mary and Green, David and Rich, Stephen S and Lange, Leslie A and Yang, Qiong and Tracy, Russell P and Tofler, Geoffrey H and Basu, Saonli and Wilson, James G and Keating, Brendan J and Weng, Lu-Chen and Taylor, Herman A and Jacobs, David R and Delaney, Joseph A and Palmer, Cameron D and Young, Taylor and Pankow, James S and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Christopher J and Smith, Nicholas L and Reiner, Alexander P and Folsom, Aaron R}
}
