@article {684,
	title = {A prospective study of venous thromboembolism in relation to factor V Leiden and related factors.},
	journal = {Blood},
	volume = {99},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002 Apr 15},
	pages = {2720-5},
	abstract = {<p>The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in relation to factor V-related risk factors. Using a nested case-control design combining 2 population-based prospective studies, we measured factor V Leiden, HR2 haplotype, activated protein C (APC) resistance, and plasma factor V antigen in 335 participants who developed VTE during 8 years of follow-up and 688 controls. The overall odds ratio (OR) of VTE was 3.67 (95\% CI, 2.20-6.12) in participants carrying factor V Leiden compared with noncarriers. APC resistance measured after predilution with factor V-deficient plasma conferred an OR of 2.58 (95\% CI, 1.62-4.10). All 3 participants homozygous for the HR2 haplotype had a VTE, and the OR of VTE for homozygosity was estimated to be 5.5 (95\% CI, 2.45-12.5). Carriers of the HR2 haplotype otherwise were not at increased risk of VTE overall (OR = 1.05; 95\% CI, 0.64-1.72), but double heterozygotes for HR2 and factor V Leiden carried an OR of idiopathic VTE of 16.3 (95\% CI, 1.7-159) compared with noncarriers. Factor V antigen also was not associated with VTE overall, but for participants with the combination of high factor V antigen plus factor V Leiden the OR of idiopathic VTE was 11.5 (95\% CI, 4.2-31.4). In the general population, APC resistance and factor V Leiden were important VTE risk factors; homozygosity for the HR2 haplotype may be a risk factor but was rare; otherwise, HR2 haplotype and factor V antigen were not risk factors except in carriers of factor V Leiden.</p>},
	keywords = {Activated Protein C Resistance, Aged, Cohort Studies, Continental Population Groups, Factor V, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thromboembolism, Venous Thrombosis},
	issn = {0006-4971},
	doi = {10.1182/blood.v99.8.2720},
	author = {Folsom, Aaron R and Cushman, Mary and Tsai, Michael Y and Aleksic, Nena and Heckbert, Susan R and Boland, Lori L and Tsai, Albert W and Yanez, N David and Rosamond, Wayne D}
}
@article {726,
	title = {Serum homocysteine, thermolabile variant of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and venous thromboembolism: Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology (LITE).},
	journal = {Am J Hematol},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003 Mar},
	pages = {192-200},
	abstract = {<p>We sought to examine prospectively the association of serum homocysteine and the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene polymorphism with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We studied these relationships in a nested case-control study of 303 VTE cases and 635 matched controls from a population-based cohort of 21,680 adults from six U.S. communities. The highest quintile of serum homocysteine carried a non-statistically significant adjusted odds ratio of 1.55 (95\% CI, 0.93-2.58) compared to the lowest quintile in the overall cohort but a significant association among adults aged 45-64 years (OR = 2.05, 95\% CI, 1.10-3.83) and an inverse association in those > or = 65 years of age. Carriers of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism were not at higher risk for VTE than those with normal genotype (OR = 0.74, 95\% CI = 0.56-0.98). Our prospective data showed, at most, a weak relationship between homocysteine and VTE risk, with associations larger among younger participants. MTHFR C677T was not a risk factor for VTE.</p>},
	keywords = {Aged, Aging, Animals, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Factor V, Female, Genotype, Homocysteine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2), Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors, Polymorphism, Genetic, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Venous Thrombosis},
	issn = {0361-8609},
	doi = {10.1002/ajh.10287},
	author = {Tsai, Albert W and Cushman, Mary and Tsai, Michael Y and Heckbert, Susan R and Rosamond, Wayne D and Aleksic, Nena and Yanez, N David and Psaty, Bruce M and Folsom, Aaron R}
}
