@article {8526,
	title = {{Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies},
	journal = {Eur Heart J},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2019},
	month = {02},
	pages = {621{\textendash}631},
	abstract = {There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after {\textquoteright}recalibration{\textquoteright}, a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied.\ Using individual-participant data on 360 737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), pooled cohort equations (PCE), and Reynolds risk score (RRS). We calculated measures of risk discrimination and calibration, and modelled clinical implications of initiating statin therapy in people judged to be at {\textquoteright}high{\textquoteright} 10 year CVD risk. Original risk algorithms were recalibrated using the risk factor profile and CVD incidence of target populations. The four algorithms had similar risk discrimination. Before recalibration, FRS, SCORE, and PCE over-predicted CVD risk on average by 10\%, 52\%, and 41\%, respectively, whereas RRS under-predicted by 10\%. Original versions of algorithms classified 29-39\% of individuals aged {\^a}{\textperthousand}{\textyen}40 years as high risk. By contrast, recalibration reduced this proportion to 22-24\% for every algorithm. We estimated that to prevent one CVD event, it would be necessary to initiate statin therapy in 44-51 such individuals using original algorithms, in contrast to 37-39 individuals with recalibrated algorithms.\ Before recalibration, the clinical performance of four widely used CVD risk algorithms varied substantially. By contrast, simple recalibration nearly equalized their performance and improved modelled targeting of preventive action to clinical need.},
	author = {Pennells, L. and Kaptoge, S. and Wood, A. and Sweeting, M. and Zhao, X. and White, I. and Burgess, S. and Willeit, P. and Bolton, T. and Moons, K. G. M. and van der Schouw, Y. T. and Selmer, R. and Khaw, K. T. and Gudnason, V. and Assmann, G. and Amouyel, P. and Salomaa, V. and Kivimaki, M. and Nordestgaard, B. G. and Blaha, M. J. and Kuller, L. H. and Brenner, H. and Gillum, R. F. and Meisinger, C. and Ford, I. and Knuiman, M. W. and Rosengren, A. and Lawlor, D. A. and V?lzke, H. and Cooper, C. and Mar?n Iba?ez, A. and Casiglia, E. and Kauhanen, J. and Cooper, J. A. and Rodriguez, B. and Sundstr?m, J. and Barrett-Connor, E. and Dankner, R. and Nietert, P. J. and Davidson, K. W. and Wallace, R. B. and Blazer, D. G. and Bj?rkelund, C. and Donfrancesco, C. and Krumholz, H. M. and Nissinen, A. and Davis, B. R. and Coady, S. and Whincup, P. H. and J?rgensen, T. and Ducimetiere, P. and Trevisan, M. and Engstr?m, G. and Crespo, C. J. and Meade, T. W. and Visser, M. and Kromhout, D. and Kiechl, S. and Daimon, M. and Price, J. F. and G?mez de la C?mara, A. and Wouter Jukema, J. and Lamarche, B. and Onat, A. and Simons, L. A. and Kavousi, M. and Ben-Shlomo, Y. and Gallacher, J. and Dekker, J. M. and Arima, H. and Shara, N. and Tipping, R. W. and Roussel, R. and Brunner, E. J. and Koenig, W. and Sakurai, M. and Pavlovic, J. and Gansevoort, R. T. and Nagel, D. and Goldbourt, U. and Barr, E. L. M. and Palmieri, L. and Nj?lstad, I. and Sato, S. and Monique Verschuren, W. M. and Varghese, C. V. and Graham, I. and Onuma, O. and Greenland, P. and Woodward, M. and Ezzati, M. and Psaty, B. M. and Sattar, N. and Jackson, R. and Ridker, P. M. and Cook, N. R. and D{\textquoteright}Agostino, R. B. and Thompson, S. G. and Danesh, J. and Di Angelantonio, E. and Tipping, R. W. and Simpson, L. M. and Pressel, S. L. and Couper, D. J. and Nambi, V. and Matsushita, K. and Folsom, A. R. and Shaw, J. E. and Magliano, D. J. and Zimmet, P. Z. and Knuiman, M. W. and Whincup, P. H. and Wannamethee, S. G. and Willeit, J. and Santer, P. and Egger, G. and Casas, J. P. and Amuzu, A. and Ben-Shlomo, Y. and Gallacher, J. and Tikhonoff, V. and Casiglia, E. and Sutherland, S. E. and Nietert, P. J. and Cushman, M. and Psaty, B. M. and S?gaard, A. J. and H?heim, L. L. and Ariansen, I. and Tybj?rg-Hansen, A. and Jensen, G. B. and Schnohr, P. and Giampaoli, S. and Vanuzzo, D. and Panico, S. and Palmieri, L. and Balkau, B. and Bonnet, F. and Marre, M. and de la C?mara, A. G. and Rubio Herrera, M. A. and Friedlander, Y. and McCallum, J. and McLachlan, S. and Guralnik, J. and Phillips, C. L. and Khaw, K. T. and Wareham, N. and Sch?ttker, B. and Saum, K. U. and Holleczek, B. and Nissinen, A. and Tolonen, H. and Giampaoli, S. and Donfrancesco, C. and Vartiainen, E. and Jousilahti, P. and Harald, K. and D?Agostino, R. B. and Massaro, J. M. and Pencina, M. and Vasan, R. and Kayama, T. and Kato, T. and Oizumi, T. and Jespersen, J. and M?ller, L. and Bladbjerg, E. M. and Chetrit, A. and Rosengren, A. and Wilhelmsen, L. and Bj?rkelund, C. and Lissner, L. and Nagel, D. and Dennison, E. and Kiyohara, Y. and Ninomiya, T. and Doi, Y. and Rodriguez, B. and Nijpels, G. and Stehouwer, C. D. A. and Sato, S. and Kazumasa, Y. and Iso, H. and Goldbourt, U. and Salomaa, V. and Vartiainen, E. and Kurl, S. and Tuomainen, T. P. and Salonen, J. T. and Visser, M. and Deeg, D. J. H. and Meade, T. W. and Nilsson, P. M. and Hedblad, B. and Melander, O. and De Boer, I. H. and DeFilippis, A. P. and Verschuren, W. M. M. and Sattar, N. and Watt, G. and Meisinger, C. and Koenig, W. and Rosengren, A. and Kuller, L. H. and Tverdal, A. and Gillum, R. F. and Cooper, J. A. and Kirkland, S. and Shimbo, D. and Shaffer, J. and Sato, S. and Kazumasa, Y. and Iso, H. and Ducimetiere, P. and Bakker, S. J. L. and van der Harst, P. and Hillege, H. L. and Crespo, C. J. and Amouyel, P. and Dallongeville, J. and Assmann, G. and Schulte, H. and Trompet, S. and Smit, R. A. J. and Stott, D. J. and van der Schouw, Y. T. and Despr?s, J. P. and Cantin, B. and Dagenais, G. R. and Laughlin, G. and Wingard, D. and Trevisan, M. and Aspelund, T. and Eiriksdottir, G. and Gudmundsson, E. F. and Ikram, A. and van Rooij, F. J. A. and Franco, O. H. and Rueda-Ochoa, O. L. and Muka, T. and Glisic, M. and Tunstall-Pedoe, H. and V?lzke, H. and Howard, B. V. and Zhang, Y. and Jolly, S. and Gallacher, J. and Davey-Smith, G. and Can, G. and Y?ksel, H. and Nakagawa, H. and Morikawa, Y. and Miura, K. and Nj?lstad, I. and Ingelsson, M. and Giedraitis, V. and Ridker, P. M. and Gaziano, J. M. and Kivimaki, M. and Shipley, M. and Brunner, E. J. and Arndt, V. and Brenner, H. and Cook, N. and Ridker, P. M. and Ford, I. and Sattar, N. and Iba?ez, A. M. and Geleijnse, J. M.}
}
@article {8657,
	title = {{Genome-Wide Association Study of Circulating Interleukin 6 Levels Identifies Novel Loci},
	journal = {Hum Mol Genet},
	year = {2021},
	month = {Jan},
	abstract = {Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties with a heritability estimate of up to 61\%. The circulating levels of IL-6 in blood have been associated with an increased risk of complex disease pathogenesis. We conducted a two-staged, discovery, and replication meta genome-wide association study (GWAS) of circulating serum IL-6 levels comprising up to 67 428 (ndiscovery = 52 654 and nreplication = 14 774) individuals of European ancestry. The inverse variance fixed-effects based discovery meta-analysis, followed by replication led to the identification of two independent loci, IL1F10/IL1RN rs6734238 on Chromosome (Chr) 2q14, (pcombined = 1.8 {\texttimes} 10-11), HLA-DRB1/DRB5 rs660895 on Chr6p21 (pcombined = 1.5 {\texttimes} 10-10) in the combined meta-analyses of all samples. We also replicated the IL6R rs4537545 locus on Chr1q21 (pcombined = 1.2 {\texttimes} 10-122). Our study identifies novel loci for circulating IL-6 levels uncovering new immunological and inflammatory pathways that may influence IL-6 pathobiology.},
	author = {Ahluwalia, T. S. and Prins, B. P. and Abdollahi, M. and Armstrong, N. J. and Aslibekyan, S. and Bain, L. and Jefferis, B. and Baumert, J. and Beekman, M. and Ben-Shlomo, Y. and Bis, J. C. and Mitchell, B. D. and de Geus, E. and Delgado, G. E. and Marek, D. and Eriksson, J. and Kajantie, E. and Kanoni, S. and Kemp, J. P. and Lu, C. and Marioni, R. E. and McLachlan, S. and Milaneschi, Y. and Nolte, I. M. and Petrelis, A. M. and Porcu, E. and Sabater-Lleal, M. and Naderi, E. and Sepp{\"a}l{\"a}, I. and Shah, T. and Singhal, G. and Standl, M. and Teumer, A. and Thalamuthu, A. and Thiering, E. and Trompet, S. and Ballantyne, C. M. and Benjamin, E. J. and Casas, J. P. and Toben, C. and Dedoussis, G. and Deelen, J. and Durda, P. and Engmann, J. and Feitosa, M. F. and Grallert, H. and Hammarstedt, A. and Harris, S. E. and Homuth, G. and Hottenga, J. J. and Jalkanen, S. and Jamshidi, Y. and Jawahar, M. C. and Jess, T. and Kivimaki, M. and Kleber, M. E. and Lahti, J. and Liu, Y. and Marques-Vidal, P. and Mellstr{\"o}m, D. and Mooijaart, S. P. and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, M. and Penninx, B. and Revez, J. A. and Rossing, P. and R{\"a}ikk{\"o}nen, K. and Sattar, N. and Scharnagl, H. and Sennblad, B. and Silveira, A. and Pourcain, B. S. and Timpson, N. J. and Trollor, J. and van Dongen, J. and van Heemst, D. and Visvikis-Siest, S. and Vollenweider, P. and V{\"o}lker, U. and Waldenberger, M. and Willemsen, G. and Zabaneh, D. and Morris, R. W. and Arnett, D. K. and Baune, B. T. and Boomsma, D. I. and Chang, Y. C. and Deary, I. J. and Deloukas, P. and Eriksson, J. G. and Evans, D. M. and Ferreira, M. A. and Gaunt, T. and Gudnason, V. and Hamsten, A. and Heinrich, J. and Hingorani, A. and Humphries, S. E. and Jukema, J. W. and Koeing, W. and Kumari, M. and Kutalik, Z. and Lawlor, D. A. and Lehtim{\"a}ki, T. and M{\"a}rz, W. and Mather, K. and Naitza, S. and Nauck, M. and Ohlsson, C. and Price, J. F. and Raitakari, O. and Rice, K. and Sachdev, P. S. and Slagboom, E. and S{\o}rensen, T. I. A. and Spector, T. and Stacey, D. and Stathopoulou, M. G. and Tanaka, T. and Wannamethee, S. G. and Whincup, P. and Rotter, J. I. and Dehghan, A. and Boerwinkle, E. and Psaty, B. M. and Snieder, H. and Alizadeh, B. Z.}
}
@article {9644,
	title = {{A genetic association study of circulating coagulation Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor levels},
	journal = {Blood},
	year = {2024},
	month = {Feb},
	abstract = {10-9) at seven new loci for FVIII (ST3GAL4, CLEC4M, B3GNT2, ASGR1, F12, KNG1, and TREM1/NCR2) and one for VWF (B3GNT2). VWF, ABO, and STAB2 were associated with FVIII and VWF in gene-based analyses. Multi-phenotype analysis of FVIII and VWF identified another three new loci, including PDIA3. Silencing of B3GNT2 and the previously reported CD36 gene decreased release of FVIII by HLECs, while silencing of B3GNT2, CD36, and PDIA3 decreased release of VWF by HVECs. Mendelian randomization supports causal association of higher FVIII and VWF with increased risk of thrombotic outcomes. Seven new loci were identified for FVIII and one for VWF, with evidence supporting causal associations of FVIII and VWF with thrombotic outcomes. B3GNT2, CD36, and PDIA3 modulate the release of FVIII and/or VWF in vitro.},
	author = {de Vries, P. S. and Reventun, P. and Brown, M. R. and Heath, A. S. and Huffman, J. E. and Le, N. Q. and Bebo, A. and Brody, J. A. and Temprano-Sagrera, G. and Raffield, L. M. and Ozel, A. B. and Thibord, F. and Jain, D. and Lewis, J. P. and Rodriguez, B. A. T. and Pankratz, N. and Taylor, K. D. and Polasek, O. and Chen, M. H. and Yanek, L. R. and Carrasquilla, G. D. and Marioni, R. and Kleber, M. E. and t, D. A. and Yao, J. and Li-Gao, R. and Joshi, P. K. and Trompet, S. and Martinez-Perez, A. and Ghanbari, M. and Howard, T. E. and Reiner, A. P. and Arvanitis, M. and Ryan, K. A. and Bartz, T. M. and Rudan, I. and Faraday, N. and Linneberg, A. and Ekunwe, L. and Davies, G. and Delgado, G. E. and Suchon, P. and Guo, X. and Rosendaal, F. R. and Klaric, L. and Noordam, R. and van Rooij, F. and Curran, J. E. and Wheeler, M. M. and Osburn, W. O. and O{\textquoteright}Connell, J. R. and Boerwinkle, E. and Beswick, A. and Psaty, B. M. and Kolcic, I. and Souto, J. C. and Becker, L. C. and Hansen, T. and Doyle, M. F. and Harris, S. E. and Moissl, A. P. and Deleuze, J. F. and Rich, S. S. and van Hylckama Vlieg, A. and Campbell, H. and Stott, D. J. and Soria, J. M. and de Maat, M. P. M. and Almasy, L. and Brody, L. C. and Auer, P. L. and Mitchell, B. D. and Ben-Shlomo, Y. and Fornage, M. and Hayward, C. and Mathias, R. A. and inen, T. O. and Lange, L. A. and Cox, S. R. and rz, W. and Morange, P. E. and Rotter, J. I. and Mook-Kanamori, D. O. and Wilson, J. F. and van der Harst, P. and Jukema, J. W. and Ikram, M. A. and Blangero, J. and Kooperberg, C. and Desch, K. C. and Johnson, A. D. and Sabater-Lleal, M. and Lowenstein, C. J. and Smith, N. L. and Morrison, A. C.}
}
