@article {1234, title = {Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {467}, year = {2010}, month = {2010 Oct 14}, pages = {832-8}, abstract = {

Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits, but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait. The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P < 0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10\% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16\% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20\% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways.

}, keywords = {Body Height, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Multifactorial Inheritance, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature09410}, author = {Lango Allen, Hana and Estrada, Karol and Lettre, Guillaume and Berndt, Sonja I and Weedon, Michael N and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Willer, Cristen J and Jackson, Anne U and Vedantam, Sailaja and Raychaudhuri, Soumya and Ferreira, Teresa and Wood, Andrew R and Weyant, Robert J and Segr{\`e}, Ayellet V and Speliotes, Elizabeth K and Wheeler, Eleanor and Soranzo, Nicole and Park, Ju-Hyun and Yang, Jian and Gudbjartsson, Daniel and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and Randall, Joshua C and Qi, Lu and Vernon Smith, Albert and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Pastinen, Tomi and Liang, Liming and Heid, Iris M and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Winkler, Thomas W and Goddard, Michael E and Sin Lo, Ken and Palmer, Cameron and Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie and Aulchenko, Yurii S and Johansson, Asa and Zillikens, M Carola and Feitosa, Mary F and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Johnson, Toby and Ketkar, Shamika and Kraft, Peter and Mangino, Massimo and Prokopenko, Inga and Absher, Devin and Albrecht, Eva and Ernst, Florian and Glazer, Nicole L and Hayward, Caroline and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and Jacobs, Kevin B and Knowles, Joshua W and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Monda, Keri L and Polasek, Ozren and Preuss, Michael and Rayner, Nigel W and Robertson, Neil R and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Tyrer, Jonathan P and Voight, Benjamin F and Wiklund, Fredrik and Xu, Jianfeng and Zhao, Jing Hua and Nyholt, Dale R and Pellikka, Niina and Perola, Markus and Perry, John R B and Surakka, Ida and Tammesoo, Mari-Liis and Altmaier, Elizabeth L and Amin, Najaf and Aspelund, Thor and Bhangale, Tushar and Boucher, Gabrielle and Chasman, Daniel I and Chen, Constance and Coin, Lachlan and Cooper, Matthew N and Dixon, Anna L and Gibson, Quince and Grundberg, Elin and Hao, Ke and Juhani Junttila, M and Kaplan, Lee M and Kettunen, Johannes and K{\"o}nig, Inke R and Kwan, Tony and Lawrence, Robert W and Levinson, Douglas F and Lorentzon, Mattias and McKnight, Barbara and Morris, Andrew P and M{\"u}ller, Martina and Suh Ngwa, Julius and Purcell, Shaun and Rafelt, Suzanne and Salem, Rany M and Salvi, Erika and Sanna, Serena and Shi, Jianxin and Sovio, Ulla and Thompson, John R and Turchin, Michael C and Vandenput, Liesbeth and Verlaan, Dominique J and Vitart, Veronique and White, Charles C and Ziegler, Andreas and Almgren, Peter and Balmforth, Anthony J and Campbell, Harry and Citterio, Lorena and De Grandi, Alessandro and Dominiczak, Anna and Duan, Jubao and Elliott, Paul and Elosua, Roberto and Eriksson, Johan G and Freimer, Nelson B and Geus, Eco J C and Glorioso, Nicola and Haiqing, Shen and Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa and Havulinna, Aki S and Hicks, Andrew A and Hui, Jennie and Igl, Wilmar and Illig, Thomas and Jula, Antti and Kajantie, Eero and Kilpel{\"a}inen, Tuomas O and Koiranen, Markku and Kolcic, Ivana and Koskinen, Seppo and Kovacs, Peter and Laitinen, Jaana and Liu, Jianjun and Lokki, Marja-Liisa and Marusic, Ana and Maschio, Andrea and Meitinger, Thomas and Mulas, Antonella and Par{\'e}, Guillaume and Parker, Alex N and Peden, John F and Petersmann, Astrid and Pichler, Irene and Pietil{\"a}inen, Kirsi H and Pouta, Anneli and Ridderstr{\r a}le, Martin and Rotter, Jerome I and Sambrook, Jennifer G and Sanders, Alan R and Schmidt, Carsten Oliver and Sinisalo, Juha and Smit, Jan H and Stringham, Heather M and Bragi Walters, G and Widen, Elisabeth and Wild, Sarah H and Willemsen, Gonneke and Zagato, Laura and Zgaga, Lina and Zitting, Paavo and Alavere, Helene and Farrall, Martin and McArdle, Wendy L and Nelis, Mari and Peters, Marjolein J and Ripatti, Samuli and van Meurs, Joyce B J and Aben, Katja K and Ardlie, Kristin G and Beckmann, Jacques S and Beilby, John P and Bergman, Richard N and Bergmann, Sven and Collins, Francis S and Cusi, Daniele and den Heijer, Martin and Eiriksdottir, Gudny and Gejman, Pablo V and Hall, Alistair S and Hamsten, Anders and Huikuri, Heikki V and Iribarren, Carlos and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kaprio, Jaakko and Kathiresan, Sekar and Kiemeney, Lambertus and Kocher, Thomas and Launer, Lenore J and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Melander, Olle and Mosley, Tom H and Musk, Arthur W and Nieminen, Markku S and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Christopher J and Ohlsson, Claes and Oostra, Ben and Palmer, Lyle J and Raitakari, Olli and Ridker, Paul M and Rioux, John D and Rissanen, Aila and Rivolta, Carlo and Schunkert, Heribert and Shuldiner, Alan R and Siscovick, David S and Stumvoll, Michael and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and van Ommen, Gert-Jan and Viikari, Jorma and Heath, Andrew C and Martin, Nicholas G and Montgomery, Grant W and Province, Michael A and Kayser, Manfred and Arnold, Alice M and Atwood, Larry D and Boerwinkle, Eric and Chanock, Stephen J and Deloukas, Panos and Gieger, Christian and Gr{\"o}nberg, Henrik and Hall, Per and Hattersley, Andrew T and Hengstenberg, Christian and Hoffman, Wolfgang and Lathrop, G Mark and Salomaa, Veikko and Schreiber, Stefan and Uda, Manuela and Waterworth, Dawn and Wright, Alan F and Assimes, Themistocles L and Barroso, In{\^e}s and Hofman, Albert and Mohlke, Karen L and Boomsma, Dorret I and Caulfield, Mark J and Cupples, L Adrienne and Erdmann, Jeanette and Fox, Caroline S and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Gyllensten, Ulf and Harris, Tamara B and Hayes, Richard B and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Mooser, Vincent and Munroe, Patricia B and Ouwehand, Willem H and Penninx, Brenda W and Pramstaller, Peter P and Quertermous, Thomas and Rudan, Igor and Samani, Nilesh J and Spector, Timothy D and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Watkins, Hugh and Wilson, James F and Groop, Leif C and Haritunians, Talin and Hu, Frank B and Kaplan, Robert C and Metspalu, Andres and North, Kari E and Schlessinger, David and Wareham, Nicholas J and Hunter, David J and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Strachan, David P and Wichmann, H-Erich and Borecki, Ingrid B and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Schadt, Eric E and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Peltonen, Leena and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Visscher, Peter M and Chatterjee, Nilanjan and Loos, Ruth J F and Boehnke, Michael and McCarthy, Mark I and Ingelsson, Erik and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Stefansson, Kari and Frayling, Timothy M and Hirschhorn, Joel N} } @article {6096, title = {Genome-wide association and large-scale follow up identifies 16 new loci influencing lung function.}, journal = {Nat Genet}, volume = {43}, year = {2011}, month = {2011 Sep 25}, pages = {1082-90}, abstract = {

Pulmonary function measures reflect respiratory health and are used in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 second and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity in 48,201 individuals of European ancestry with follow up of the top associations in up to an additional 46,411 individuals. We identified new regions showing association (combined P < 5 {\texttimes} 10(-8)) with pulmonary function in or near MFAP2, TGFB2, HDAC4, RARB, MECOM (also known as EVI1), SPATA9, ARMC2, NCR3, ZKSCAN3, CDC123, C10orf11, LRP1, CCDC38, MMP15, CFDP1 and KCNE2. Identification of these 16 new loci may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating pulmonary function and into molecular targets for future therapy to alleviate reduced lung function.

}, keywords = {Child, European Continental Ancestry Group, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Respiratory Function Tests}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/ng.941}, author = {Soler Artigas, Maria and Loth, Daan W and Wain, Louise V and Gharib, Sina A and Obeidat, Ma{\textquoteright}en and Tang, Wenbo and Zhai, Guangju and Zhao, Jing Hua and Smith, Albert Vernon and Huffman, Jennifer E and Albrecht, Eva and Jackson, Catherine M and Evans, David M and Cadby, Gemma and Fornage, Myriam and Manichaikul, Ani and Lopez, Lorna M and Johnson, Toby and Aldrich, Melinda C and Aspelund, Thor and Barroso, In{\^e}s and Campbell, Harry and Cassano, Patricia A and Couper, David J and Eiriksdottir, Gudny and Franceschini, Nora and Garcia, Melissa and Gieger, Christian and Gislason, Gauti Kjartan and Grkovic, Ivica and Hammond, Christopher J and Hancock, Dana B and Harris, Tamara B and Ramasamy, Adaikalavan and Heckbert, Susan R and Heli{\"o}vaara, Markku and Homuth, Georg and Hysi, Pirro G and James, Alan L and Jankovic, Stipan and Joubert, Bonnie R and Karrasch, Stefan and Klopp, Norman and Koch, Beate and Kritchevsky, Stephen B and Launer, Lenore J and Liu, Yongmei and Loehr, Laura R and Lohman, Kurt and Loos, Ruth J F and Lumley, Thomas and Al Balushi, Khalid A and Ang, Wei Q and Barr, R Graham and Beilby, John and Blakey, John D and Boban, Mladen and Boraska, Vesna and Brisman, Jonas and Britton, John R and Brusselle, Guy G and Cooper, Cyrus and Curjuric, Ivan and Dahgam, Santosh and Deary, Ian J and Ebrahim, Shah and Eijgelsheim, Mark and Francks, Clyde and Gaysina, Darya and Granell, Raquel and Gu, Xiangjun and Hankinson, John L and Hardy, Rebecca and Harris, Sarah E and Henderson, John and Henry, Amanda and Hingorani, Aroon D and Hofman, Albert and Holt, Patrick G and Hui, Jennie and Hunter, Michael L and Imboden, Medea and Jameson, Karen A and Kerr, Shona M and Kolcic, Ivana and Kronenberg, Florian and Liu, Jason Z and Marchini, Jonathan and McKeever, Tricia and Morris, Andrew D and Olin, Anna-Carin and Porteous, David J and Postma, Dirkje S and Rich, Stephen S and Ring, Susan M and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Rochat, Thierry and Sayer, Avan Aihie and Sayers, Ian and Sly, Peter D and Smith, George Davey and Sood, Akshay and Starr, John M and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Vonk, Judith M and Wannamethee, S Goya and Whincup, Peter H and Wijmenga, Cisca and Williams, O Dale and Wong, Andrew and Mangino, Massimo and Marciante, Kristin D and McArdle, Wendy L and Meibohm, Bernd and Morrison, Alanna C and North, Kari E and Omenaas, Ernst and Palmer, Lyle J and Pietil{\"a}inen, Kirsi H and Pin, Isabelle and Pola Sbreve Ek, Ozren and Pouta, Anneli and Psaty, Bruce M and Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa and Rantanen, Taina and Ripatti, Samuli and Rotter, Jerome I and Rudan, Igor and Rudnicka, Alicja R and Schulz, Holger and Shin, So-Youn and Spector, Tim D and Surakka, Ida and Vitart, Veronique and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Wareham, Nicholas J and Warrington, Nicole M and Wichmann, H-Erich and Wild, Sarah H and Wilk, Jemma B and Wjst, Matthias and Wright, Alan F and Zgaga, Lina and Zemunik, Tatijana and Pennell, Craig E and Nyberg, Fredrik and Kuh, Diana and Holloway, John W and Boezen, H Marike and Lawlor, Debbie A and Morris, Richard W and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and Kaprio, Jaakko and Wilson, James F and Hayward, Caroline and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Heinrich, Joachim and Musk, Arthur W and Jarvis, Deborah L and Gl{\"a}ser, Sven and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Ch Stricker, Bruno H and Elliott, Paul and O{\textquoteright}Connor, George T and Strachan, David P and London, Stephanie J and Hall, Ian P and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Tobin, Martin D} } @article {6175, title = {FTO genotype is associated with phenotypic variability of body mass index.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {490}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Oct 11}, pages = {267-72}, abstract = {

There is evidence across several species for genetic control of phenotypic variation of complex traits, such that the variance among phenotypes is genotype dependent. Understanding genetic control of variability is important in evolutionary biology, agricultural selection programmes and human medicine, yet for complex traits, no individual genetic variants associated with variance, as opposed to the mean, have been identified. Here we perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of phenotypic variation using \~{}170,000 samples on height and body mass index (BMI) in human populations. We report evidence that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7202116 at the FTO gene locus, which is known to be associated with obesity (as measured by mean BMI for each rs7202116 genotype), is also associated with phenotypic variability. We show that the results are not due to scale effects or other artefacts, and find no other experiment-wise significant evidence for effects on variability, either at loci other than FTO for BMI or at any locus for height. The difference in variance for BMI among individuals with opposite homozygous genotypes at the FTO locus is approximately 7\%, corresponding to a difference of \~{}0.5 kilograms in the standard deviation of weight. Our results indicate that genetic variants can be discovered that are associated with variability, and that between-person variability in obesity can partly be explained by the genotype at the FTO locus. The results are consistent with reported FTO by environment interactions for BMI, possibly mediated by DNA methylation. Our BMI results for other SNPs and our height results for all SNPs suggest that most genetic variants, including those that influence mean height or mean BMI, are not associated with phenotypic variance, or that their effects on variability are too small to detect even with samples sizes greater than 100,000.

}, keywords = {Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Co-Repressor Proteins, Female, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proteins, Repressor Proteins}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature11401}, author = {Yang, Jian and Loos, Ruth J F and Powell, Joseph E and Medland, Sarah E and Speliotes, Elizabeth K and Chasman, Daniel I and Rose, Lynda M and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Waite, Lindsay and Smith, Albert Vernon and Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M and Monda, Keri L and Hadley, David and Mahajan, Anubha and Li, Guo and Kapur, Karen and Vitart, Veronique and Huffman, Jennifer E and Wang, Sophie R and Palmer, Cameron and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Fischer, Krista and Zhao, Jing Hua and Demirkan, Ayse and Isaacs, Aaron and Feitosa, Mary F and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and White, Charles and Jackson, Anne U and Preuss, Michael and Ziegler, Andreas and Eriksson, Joel and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Frau, Francesca and Nolte, Ilja M and van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and Jacobs, Kevin B and Verweij, Niek and Goel, Anuj and Medina-G{\'o}mez, Carolina and Estrada, Karol and Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer Lynn and Sanna, Serena and Sidore, Carlo and Tyrer, Jonathan and Teumer, Alexander and Prokopenko, Inga and Mangino, Massimo and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Assimes, Themistocles L and Shuldiner, Alan R and Hui, Jennie and Beilby, John P and McArdle, Wendy L and Hall, Per and Haritunians, Talin and Zgaga, Lina and Kolcic, Ivana and Polasek, Ozren and Zemunik, Tatijana and Oostra, Ben A and Junttila, M Juhani and Gr{\"o}nberg, Henrik and Schreiber, Stefan and Peters, Annette and Hicks, Andrew A and Stephens, Jonathan and Foad, Nicola S and Laitinen, Jaana and Pouta, Anneli and Kaakinen, Marika and Willemsen, Gonneke and Vink, Jacqueline M and Wild, Sarah H and Navis, Gerjan and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Homuth, Georg and John, Ulrich and Iribarren, Carlos and Harris, Tamara and Launer, Lenore and Gudnason, Vilmundur and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Boerwinkle, Eric and Cadby, Gemma and Palmer, Lyle J and James, Alan L and Musk, Arthur W and Ingelsson, Erik and Psaty, Bruce M and Beckmann, Jacques S and Waeber, G{\'e}rard and Vollenweider, Peter and Hayward, Caroline and Wright, Alan F and Rudan, Igor and Groop, Leif C and Metspalu, Andres and Khaw, Kay Tee and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Borecki, Ingrid B and Province, Michael A and Wareham, Nicholas J and Tardif, Jean-Claude and Huikuri, Heikki V and Cupples, L Adrienne and Atwood, Larry D and Fox, Caroline S and Boehnke, Michael and Collins, Francis S and Mohlke, Karen L and Erdmann, Jeanette and Schunkert, Heribert and Hengstenberg, Christian and Stark, Klaus and Lorentzon, Mattias and Ohlsson, Claes and Cusi, Daniele and Staessen, Jan A and van der Klauw, Melanie M and Pramstaller, Peter P and Kathiresan, Sekar and Jolley, Jennifer D and Ripatti, Samuli and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and de Geus, Eco J C and Boomsma, Dorret I and Penninx, Brenda and Wilson, James F and Campbell, Harry and Chanock, Stephen J and van der Harst, Pim and Hamsten, Anders and Watkins, Hugh and Hofman, Albert and Witteman, Jacqueline C and Zillikens, M Carola and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Zillikens, M Carola and Kiemeney, Lambertus A and Vermeulen, Sita H and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Schlessinger, David and Schipf, Sabine and Stumvoll, Michael and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Spector, Tim D and North, Kari E and Lettre, Guillaume and McCarthy, Mark I and Berndt, Sonja I and Heath, Andrew C and Madden, Pamela A F and Nyholt, Dale R and Montgomery, Grant W and Martin, Nicholas G and McKnight, Barbara and Strachan, David P and Hill, William G and Snieder, Harold and Ridker, Paul M and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Stefansson, Kari and Frayling, Timothy M and Hirschhorn, Joel N and Goddard, Michael E and Visscher, Peter M} } @article {6092, title = {Genome-wide association studies identify CHRNA5/3 and HTR4 in the development of airflow obstruction.}, journal = {Am J Respir Crit Care Med}, volume = {186}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Oct 01}, pages = {622-32}, abstract = {

RATIONALE: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci influencing lung function, but fewer genes influencing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are known.

OBJECTIVES: Perform meta-analyses of GWAS for airflow obstruction, a key pathophysiologic characteristic of COPD assessed by spirometry, in population-based cohorts examining all participants, ever smokers, never smokers, asthma-free participants, and more severe cases.

METHODS: Fifteen cohorts were studied for discovery (3,368 affected; 29,507 unaffected), and a population-based family study and a meta-analysis of case-control studies were used for replication and regional follow-up (3,837 cases; 4,479 control subjects). Airflow obstruction was defined as FEV(1) and its ratio to FVC (FEV(1)/FVC) both less than their respective lower limits of normal as determined by published reference equations.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The discovery meta-analyses identified one region on chromosome 15q25.1 meeting genome-wide significance in ever smokers that includes AGPHD1, IREB2, and CHRNA5/CHRNA3 genes. The region was also modestly associated among never smokers. Gene expression studies confirmed the presence of CHRNA5/3 in lung, airway smooth muscle, and bronchial epithelial cells. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in HTR4, a gene previously related to FEV(1)/FVC, achieved genome-wide statistical significance in combined meta-analysis. Top single-nucleotide polymorphisms in ADAM19, RARB, PPAP2B, and ADAMTS19 were nominally replicated in the COPD meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest an important role for the CHRNA5/3 region as a genetic risk factor for airflow obstruction that may be independent of smoking and implicate the HTR4 gene in the etiology of airflow obstruction.

}, keywords = {Aged, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Receptors, Nicotinic, Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4, Smoking, Vital Capacity}, issn = {1535-4970}, doi = {10.1164/rccm.201202-0366OC}, author = {Wilk, Jemma B and Shrine, Nick R G and Loehr, Laura R and Zhao, Jing Hua and Manichaikul, Ani and Lopez, Lorna M and Smith, Albert Vernon and Heckbert, Susan R and Smolonska, Joanna and Tang, Wenbo and Loth, Daan W and Curjuric, Ivan and Hui, Jennie and Cho, Michael H and Latourelle, Jeanne C and Henry, Amanda P and Aldrich, Melinda and Bakke, Per and Beaty, Terri H and Bentley, Amy R and Borecki, Ingrid B and Brusselle, Guy G and Burkart, Kristin M and Chen, Ting-Hsu and Couper, David and Crapo, James D and Davies, Gail and Dupuis, Jos{\'e}e and Franceschini, Nora and Gulsvik, Amund and Hancock, Dana B and Harris, Tamara B and Hofman, Albert and Imboden, Medea and James, Alan L and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Lahousse, Lies and Launer, Lenore J and Litonjua, Augusto and Liu, Yongmei and Lohman, Kurt K and Lomas, David A and Lumley, Thomas and Marciante, Kristin D and McArdle, Wendy L and Meibohm, Bernd and Morrison, Alanna C and Musk, Arthur W and Myers, Richard H and North, Kari E and Postma, Dirkje S and Psaty, Bruce M and Rich, Stephen S and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Rochat, Thierry and Rotter, Jerome I and Soler Artigas, Maria and Starr, John M and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Wareham, Nicholas J and Wijmenga, Cisca and Zanen, Pieter and Province, Michael A and Silverman, Edwin K and Deary, Ian J and Palmer, Lyle J and Cassano, Patricia A and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Barr, R Graham and Loos, Ruth J F and Strachan, David P and London, Stephanie J and Boezen, H Marike and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and Gharib, Sina A and Hall, Ian P and O{\textquoteright}Connor, George T and Tobin, Martin D and Stricker, Bruno H} } @article {6152, title = {Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture.}, journal = {Nat Genet}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 May}, pages = {501-12}, abstract = {

Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.

}, keywords = {Anthropometry, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, European Continental Ancestry Group, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Obesity, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Waist-Hip Ratio}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/ng.2606}, author = {Berndt, Sonja I and Gustafsson, Stefan and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Ganna, Andrea and Wheeler, Eleanor and Feitosa, Mary F and Justice, Anne E and Monda, Keri L and Croteau-Chonka, Damien C and Day, Felix R and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Fall, Tove and Ferreira, Teresa and Gentilini, Davide and Jackson, Anne U and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and Randall, Joshua C and Vedantam, Sailaja and Willer, Cristen J and Winkler, Thomas W and Wood, Andrew R and Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie and Hu, Yi-Juan and Lee, Sang Hong and Liang, Liming and Lin, Dan-Yu and Min, Josine L and Neale, Benjamin M and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Yang, Jian and Albrecht, Eva and Amin, Najaf and Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L and Cadby, Gemma and den Heijer, Martin and Eklund, Niina and Fischer, Krista and Goel, Anuj and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and Huffman, Jennifer E and Jarick, Ivonne and Johansson, Asa and Johnson, Toby and Kanoni, Stavroula and Kleber, Marcus E and K{\"o}nig, Inke R and Kristiansson, Kati and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Lamina, Claudia and Lecoeur, C{\'e}cile and Li, Guo and Mangino, Massimo and McArdle, Wendy L and Medina-G{\'o}mez, Carolina and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, Martina and Ngwa, Julius S and Nolte, Ilja M and Paternoster, Lavinia and Pechlivanis, Sonali and Perola, Markus and Peters, Marjolein J and Preuss, Michael and Rose, Lynda M and Shi, Jianxin and Shungin, Dmitry and Smith, Albert Vernon and Strawbridge, Rona J and Surakka, Ida and Teumer, Alexander and Trip, Mieke D and Tyrer, Jonathan and van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V and Vandenput, Liesbeth and Waite, Lindsay L and Zhao, Jing Hua and Absher, Devin and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Atalay, Mustafa and Attwood, Antony P and Balmforth, Anthony J and Basart, Hanneke and Beilby, John and Bonnycastle, Lori L and Brambilla, Paolo and Bruinenberg, Marcel and Campbell, Harry and Chasman, Daniel I and Chines, Peter S and Collins, Francis S and Connell, John M and Cookson, William O and de Faire, Ulf and de Vegt, Femmie and Dei, Mariano and Dimitriou, Maria and Edkins, Sarah and Estrada, Karol and Evans, David M and Farrall, Martin and Ferrario, Marco M and Ferrieres, Jean and Franke, Lude and Frau, Francesca and Gejman, Pablo V and Grallert, Harald and Gr{\"o}nberg, Henrik and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Hall, Alistair S and Hall, Per and Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa and Hayward, Caroline and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and Heath, Andrew C and Hebebrand, Johannes and Homuth, Georg and Hu, Frank B and Hunt, Sarah E and Hypp{\"o}nen, Elina and Iribarren, Carlos and Jacobs, Kevin B and Jansson, John-Olov and Jula, Antti and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kathiresan, Sekar and Kee, Frank and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Kivimaki, Mika and Koenig, Wolfgang and Kraja, Aldi T and Kumari, Meena and Kuulasmaa, Kari and Kuusisto, Johanna and Laitinen, Jaana H and Lakka, Timo A and Langenberg, Claudia and Launer, Lenore J and Lind, Lars and Lindstr{\"o}m, Jaana and Liu, Jianjun and Liuzzi, Antonio and Lokki, Marja-Liisa and Lorentzon, Mattias and Madden, Pamela A and Magnusson, Patrik K and Manunta, Paolo and Marek, Diana and M{\"a}rz, Winfried and Mateo Leach, Irene and McKnight, Barbara and Medland, Sarah E and Mihailov, Evelin and Milani, Lili and Montgomery, Grant W and Mooser, Vincent and M{\"u}hleisen, Thomas W and Munroe, Patricia B and Musk, Arthur W and Narisu, Narisu and Navis, Gerjan and Nicholson, George and Nohr, Ellen A and Ong, Ken K and Oostra, Ben A and Palmer, Colin N A and Palotie, Aarno and Peden, John F and Pedersen, Nancy and Peters, Annette and Polasek, Ozren and Pouta, Anneli and Pramstaller, Peter P and Prokopenko, Inga and P{\"u}tter, Carolin and Radhakrishnan, Aparna and Raitakari, Olli and Rendon, Augusto and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Rudan, Igor and Saaristo, Timo E and Sambrook, Jennifer G and Sanders, Alan R and Sanna, Serena and Saramies, Jouko and Schipf, Sabine and Schreiber, Stefan and Schunkert, Heribert and Shin, So-Youn and Signorini, Stefano and Sinisalo, Juha and Skrobek, Boris and Soranzo, Nicole and Stan{\v c}{\'a}kov{\'a}, Alena and Stark, Klaus and Stephens, Jonathan C and Stirrups, Kathleen and Stolk, Ronald P and Stumvoll, Michael and Swift, Amy J and Theodoraki, Eirini V and Thorand, Barbara and Tr{\'e}gou{\"e}t, David-Alexandre and Tremoli, Elena and van der Klauw, Melanie M and van Meurs, Joyce B J and Vermeulen, Sita H and Viikari, Jorma and Virtamo, Jarmo and Vitart, Veronique and Waeber, G{\'e}rard and Wang, Zhaoming and Widen, Elisabeth and Wild, Sarah H and Willemsen, Gonneke and Winkelmann, Bernhard R and Witteman, Jacqueline C M and Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R and Wong, Andrew and Wright, Alan F and Zillikens, M Carola and Amouyel, Philippe and Boehm, Bernhard O and Boerwinkle, Eric and Boomsma, Dorret I and Caulfield, Mark J and Chanock, Stephen J and Cupples, L Adrienne and Cusi, Daniele and Dedoussis, George V and Erdmann, Jeanette and Eriksson, Johan G and Franks, Paul W and Froguel, Philippe and Gieger, Christian and Gyllensten, Ulf and Hamsten, Anders and Harris, Tamara B and Hengstenberg, Christian and Hicks, Andrew A and Hingorani, Aroon and Hinney, Anke and Hofman, Albert and Hovingh, Kees G and Hveem, Kristian and Illig, Thomas and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M and Kiemeney, Lambertus A and Kuh, Diana and Laakso, Markku and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Levinson, Douglas F and Martin, Nicholas G and Metspalu, Andres and Morris, Andrew D and Nieminen, Markku S and Nj{\o}lstad, Inger and Ohlsson, Claes and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Ouwehand, Willem H and Palmer, Lyle J and Penninx, Brenda and Power, Chris and Province, Michael A and Psaty, Bruce M and Qi, Lu and Rauramaa, Rainer and Ridker, Paul M and Ripatti, Samuli and Salomaa, Veikko and Samani, Nilesh J and Snieder, Harold and S{\o}rensen, Thorkild I A and Spector, Timothy D and Stefansson, Kari and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Uusitupa, Matti and van der Harst, Pim and Vollenweider, Peter and Wallaschofski, Henri and Wareham, Nicholas J and Watkins, Hugh and Wichmann, H-Erich and Wilson, James F and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Assimes, Themistocles L and Barroso, In{\^e}s and Boehnke, Michael and Borecki, Ingrid B and Deloukas, Panos and Fox, Caroline S and Frayling, Timothy and Groop, Leif C and Haritunian, Talin and Heid, Iris M and Hunter, David and Kaplan, Robert C and Karpe, Fredrik and Moffatt, Miriam F and Mohlke, Karen L and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Pawitan, Yudi and Schadt, Eric E and Schlessinger, David and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Strachan, David P and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Visscher, Peter M and Di Blasio, Anna Maria and Hirschhorn, Joel N and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Morris, Andrew P and Meyre, David and Scherag, Andre and McCarthy, Mark I and Speliotes, Elizabeth K and North, Kari E and Loos, Ruth J F and Ingelsson, Erik} } @article {8570, title = {A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape.}, journal = {Nat Commun}, volume = {7}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 11 23}, pages = {13357}, abstract = {

Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99\% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.

}, keywords = {Anthropometry, Body Size, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Models, Genetic, Principal Component Analysis}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms13357}, author = {Ried, Janina S and Jeff M, Janina and Chu, Audrey Y and Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L and van Dongen, Jenny and Huffman, Jennifer E and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S and Cadby, Gemma and Eklund, Niina and Eriksson, Joel and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Feitosa, Mary F and Goel, Anuj and Gorski, Mathias and Hayward, Caroline and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and Jackson, Anne U and Jokinen, Eero and Kanoni, Stavroula and Kristiansson, Kati and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Lahti, Jari and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Mahajan, Anubha and Mangino, Massimo and Medina-G{\'o}mez, Carolina and Monda, Keri L and Nolte, Ilja M and Perusse, Louis and Prokopenko, Inga and Qi, Lu and Rose, Lynda M and Salvi, Erika and Smith, Megan T and Snieder, Harold and Stan{\v c}{\'a}kov{\'a}, Alena and Ju Sung, Yun and Tachmazidou, Ioanna and Teumer, Alexander and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and van der Harst, Pim and Walker, Ryan W and Wang, Sophie R and Wild, Sarah H and Willems, Sara M and Wong, Andrew and Zhang, Weihua and Albrecht, Eva and Couto Alves, Alexessander and Bakker, Stephan J L and Barlassina, Cristina and Bartz, Traci M and Beilby, John and Bellis, Claire and Bergman, Richard N and Bergmann, Sven and Blangero, John and Bl{\"u}her, Matthias and Boerwinkle, Eric and Bonnycastle, Lori L and Bornstein, Stefan R and Bruinenberg, Marcel and Campbell, Harry and Chen, Yii-Der Ida and Chiang, Charleston W K and Chines, Peter S and Collins, Francis S and Cucca, Fracensco and Cupples, L Adrienne and D{\textquoteright}Avila, Francesca and de Geus, Eco J C and Dedoussis, George and Dimitriou, Maria and D{\"o}ring, Angela and Eriksson, Johan G and Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni and Farrall, Martin and Ferreira, Teresa and Fischer, Krista and Forouhi, Nita G and Friedrich, Nele and Gjesing, Anette Prior and Glorioso, Nicola and Graff, Mariaelisa and Grallert, Harald and Grarup, Niels and Gr{\"a}{\ss}ler, J{\"u}rgen and Grewal, Jagvir and Hamsten, Anders and Harder, Marie Neergaard and Hartman, Catharina A and Hassinen, Maija and Hastie, Nicholas and Hattersley, Andrew Tym and Havulinna, Aki S and Heli{\"o}vaara, Markku and Hillege, Hans and Hofman, Albert and Holmen, Oddgeir and Homuth, Georg and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and Hui, Jennie and Husemoen, Lise Lotte and Hysi, Pirro G and Isaacs, Aaron and Ittermann, Till and Jalilzadeh, Shapour and James, Alan L and J{\o}rgensen, Torben and Jousilahti, Pekka and Jula, Antti and Marie Justesen, Johanne and Justice, Anne E and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Karaleftheri, Maria and Tee Khaw, Kay and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M and Kinnunen, Leena and Knekt, Paul B and Koistinen, Heikki A and Kolcic, Ivana and Kooner, Ishminder K and Koskinen, Seppo and Kovacs, Peter and Kyriakou, Theodosios and Laitinen, Tomi and Langenberg, Claudia and Lewin, Alexandra M and Lichtner, Peter and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Lindstr{\"o}m, Jaana and Linneberg, Allan and Lorbeer, Roberto and Lorentzon, Mattias and Luben, Robert and Lyssenko, Valeriya and M{\"a}nnist{\"o}, Satu and Manunta, Paolo and Leach, Irene Mateo and McArdle, Wendy L and McKnight, Barbara and Mohlke, Karen L and Mihailov, Evelin and Milani, Lili and Mills, Rebecca and Montasser, May E and Morris, Andrew P and M{\"u}ller, Gabriele and Musk, Arthur W and Narisu, Narisu and Ong, Ken K and Oostra, Ben A and Osmond, Clive and Palotie, Aarno and Pankow, James S and Paternoster, Lavinia and Penninx, Brenda W and Pichler, Irene and Pilia, Maria G and Polasek, Ozren and Pramstaller, Peter P and Raitakari, Olli T and Rankinen, Tuomo and Rao, D C and Rayner, Nigel W and Ribel-Madsen, Rasmus and Rice, Treva K and Richards, Marcus and Ridker, Paul M and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Ryan, Kathy A and Sanna, Serena and Sarzynski, Mark A and Scholtens, Salome and Scott, Robert A and Sebert, Sylvain and Southam, Lorraine and Spars{\o}, Thomas Hempel and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Stirrups, Kathleen and Stolk, Ronald P and Strauch, Konstantin and Stringham, Heather M and Swertz, Morris A and Swift, Amy J and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Tsafantakis, Emmanouil and van der Most, Peter J and van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V and Vandenput, Liesbeth and Vartiainen, Erkki and Venturini, Cristina and Verweij, Niek and Viikari, Jorma S and Vitart, Veronique and Vohl, Marie-Claude and Vonk, Judith M and Waeber, G{\'e}rard and Widen, Elisabeth and Willemsen, Gonneke and Wilsgaard, Tom and Winkler, Thomas W and Wright, Alan F and Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M and Hua Zhao, Jing and Zillikens, M Carola and Boomsma, Dorret I and Bouchard, Claude and Chambers, John C and Chasman, Daniel I and Cusi, Daniele and Gansevoort, Ron T and Gieger, Christian and Hansen, Torben and Hicks, Andrew A and Hu, Frank and Hveem, Kristian and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Kajantie, Eero and Kooner, Jaspal S and Kuh, Diana and Kuusisto, Johanna and Laakso, Markku and Lakka, Timo A and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Metspalu, Andres and Nj{\o}lstad, Inger and Ohlsson, Claes and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Palmer, Lyle J and Pedersen, Oluf and Perola, Markus and Peters, Annette and Psaty, Bruce M and Puolijoki, Hannu and Rauramaa, Rainer and Rudan, Igor and Salomaa, Veikko and Schwarz, Peter E H and Shudiner, Alan R and Smit, Jan H and S{\o}rensen, Thorkild I A and Spector, Timothy D and Stefansson, Kari and Stumvoll, Michael and Tremblay, Angelo and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Uusitupa, Matti and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and Vollenweider, Peter and Wareham, Nicholas J and Watkins, Hugh and Wilson, James F and Zeggini, Eleftheria and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Boehnke, Michael and Borecki, Ingrid B and Deloukas, Panos and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Fox, Caroline and Groop, Leif C and Heid, Iris M and Hunter, David J and Kaplan, Robert C and McCarthy, Mark I and North, Kari E and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Schlessinger, David and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Strachan, David P and Frayling, Timothy and Hirschhorn, Joel N and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, Martina and Loos, Ruth J F} } @article {7558, title = {Multiancestry association study identifies new asthma risk loci that colocalize with immune-cell enhancer marks.}, journal = {Nat Genet}, volume = {50}, year = {2018}, month = {2018 Jan}, pages = {42-53}, abstract = {

We examined common variation in asthma risk by conducting a meta-analysis of worldwide asthma genome-wide association studies (23,948 asthma cases, 118,538 controls) of individuals from ethnically diverse populations. We identified five new asthma loci, found two new associations at two known asthma loci, established asthma associations at two loci previously implicated in the comorbidity of asthma plus hay fever, and confirmed nine known loci. Investigation of pleiotropy showed large overlaps in genetic variants with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The enrichment in enhancer marks at asthma risk loci, especially in immune cells, suggested a major role of these loci in the regulation of immunologically related mechanisms.

}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/s41588-017-0014-7}, author = {Demenais, Florence and Margaritte-Jeannin, Patricia and Barnes, Kathleen C and Cookson, William O C and Altm{\"u}ller, Janine and Ang, Wei and Barr, R Graham and Beaty, Terri H and Becker, Allan B and Beilby, John and Bisgaard, Hans and Bjornsdottir, Unnur Steina and Bleecker, Eugene and B{\o}nnelykke, Klaus and Boomsma, Dorret I and Bouzigon, Emmanuelle and Brightling, Christopher E and Brossard, Myriam and Brusselle, Guy G and Burchard, Esteban and Burkart, Kristin M and Bush, Andrew and Chan-Yeung, Moira and Chung, Kian Fan and Couto Alves, Alexessander and Curtin, John A and Custovic, Adnan and Daley, Denise and de Jongste, Johan C and Del-Rio-Navarro, Blanca E and Donohue, Kathleen M and Duijts, Liesbeth and Eng, Celeste and Eriksson, Johan G and Farrall, Martin and Fedorova, Yuliya and Feenstra, Bjarke and Ferreira, Manuel A and Freidin, Maxim B and Gajdos, Zofia and Gauderman, Jim and Gehring, Ulrike and Geller, Frank and Genuneit, Jon and Gharib, Sina A and Gilliland, Frank and Granell, Raquel and Graves, Penelope E and Gudbjartsson, Daniel F and Haahtela, Tari and Heckbert, Susan R and Heederik, Dick and Heinrich, Joachim and Heli{\"o}vaara, Markku and Henderson, John and Himes, Blanca E and Hirose, Hiroshi and Hirschhorn, Joel N and Hofman, Albert and Holt, Patrick and Hottenga, Jouke and Hudson, Thomas J and Hui, Jennie and Imboden, Medea and Ivanov, Vladimir and Jaddoe, Vincent W V and James, Alan and Janson, Christer and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Jarvis, Deborah and Jones, Graham and Jonsdottir, Ingileif and Jousilahti, Pekka and Kabesch, Michael and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kantor, David B and Karunas, Alexandra S and Khusnutdinova, Elza and Koppelman, Gerard H and Kozyrskyj, Anita L and Kreiner, Eskil and Kubo, Michiaki and Kumar, Rajesh and Kumar, Ashish and Kuokkanen, Mikko and Lahousse, Lies and Laitinen, Tarja and Laprise, Catherine and Lathrop, Mark and Lau, Susanne and Lee, Young-Ae and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Letort, S{\'e}bastien and Levin, Albert M and Li, Guo and Liang, Liming and Loehr, Laura R and London, Stephanie J and Loth, Daan W and Manichaikul, Ani and Marenholz, Ingo and Martinez, Fernando J and Matheson, Melanie C and Mathias, Rasika A and Matsumoto, Kenji and Mbarek, Hamdi and McArdle, Wendy L and Melbye, Mads and Mel{\'e}n, Erik and Meyers, Deborah and Michel, Sven and Mohamdi, Hamida and Musk, Arthur W and Myers, Rachel A and Nieuwenhuis, Maartje A E and Noguchi, Emiko and O{\textquoteright}Connor, George T and Ogorodova, Ludmila M and Palmer, Cameron D and Palotie, Aarno and Park, Julie E and Pennell, Craig E and Pershagen, G{\"o}ran and Polonikov, Alexey and Postma, Dirkje S and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and Puzyrev, Valery P and Raby, Benjamin A and Raitakari, Olli T and Ramasamy, Adaikalavan and Rich, Stephen S and Robertson, Colin F and Romieu, Isabelle and Salam, Muhammad T and Salomaa, Veikko and Schl{\"u}nssen, Vivi and Scott, Robert and Selivanova, Polina A and Sigsgaard, Torben and Simpson, Angela and Siroux, Val{\'e}rie and Smith, Lewis J and Solodilova, Maria and Standl, Marie and Stefansson, Kari and Strachan, David P and Stricker, Bruno H and Takahashi, Atsushi and Thompson, Philip J and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Tiesler, Carla M T and Torgerson, Dara G and Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and van der Valk, Ralf J P and Vaysse, Amaury and Vedantam, Sailaja and von Berg, Andrea and von Mutius, Erika and Vonk, Judith M and Waage, Johannes and Wareham, Nick J and Weiss, Scott T and White, Wendy B and Wickman, Magnus and Widen, Elisabeth and Willemsen, Gonneke and Williams, L Keoki and Wouters, Inge M and Yang, James J and Zhao, Jing Hua and Moffatt, Miriam F and Ober, Carole and Nicolae, Dan L} }