@article {6926, title = {Soluble CD14 and fracture risk.}, journal = {Osteoporos Int}, volume = {27}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 May}, pages = {1755-63}, abstract = {

UNLABELLED: Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is an inflammatory marker associated with osteoclasts. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we found a positive association between plasma levels of sCD14 and risk of incident fracture among participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study. sCD14 may be useful in identifying those at risk for fracture.

INTRODUCTION: Soluble CD14, a proinflammatory cytokine, is primarily derived from macrophages/monocytes that can differentiate into osteoclasts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sCD14 levels and osteoporotic fractures.

METHODS: In the Cardiovascular Health Study, 5462 men and women had sCD14 levels measured at baseline. Incident hip fractures (median follow-up time 12.5~years) and incident composite fractures (defined as the first hip, pelvis, humerus, or distal radius fracture, median follow-up 8.6~years) were identified from hospital discharge summaries and/or Medicare claims data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to model the association between sCD14 levels and time to incident hip or composite fracture, overall and as a function of race and gender.

RESULTS: In unadjusted models, there was a positive association between sCD14 levels (per 1 standard deviation increase, i.e., 361.6~ng/mL) and incident hip (HR, 1.26; 95~\% CI, 1.17, 1.36) and composite (HR, 1.20; 95~\% CI, 1.12, 1.28) fractures. When models were fully adjusted for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medication use, these associations were no longer significant. However, in whites, the association of sCD14 levels with hip fractures remained significant in fully adjusted models (HR, 1.11; 95~\% CI, 1.01-1.23). Associations of sCD14 levels with hip and composite fracture did not differ between men and women.

CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of community-dwelling older adults, higher sCD14 levels were associated with an increased risk of incident hip fractures in whites.

}, issn = {1433-2965}, doi = {10.1007/s00198-015-3439-9}, author = {Bethel, M and B{\r u}{\v z}kov{\'a}, P and Fink, H A and Robbins, J A and Cauley, J A and Lee, J and Barzilay, J I and Jalal, D I and Carbone, L D} } @article {7366, title = {Association of DPP-4 activity with BMD, body composition, and incident hip fracture: the Cardiovascular Health Study.}, journal = {Osteoporos Int}, volume = {28}, year = {2017}, month = {2017 May}, pages = {1631-1640}, abstract = {

There was no association of plasma DPP-4 activity levels with bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, or incident hip fractures in a cohort of elderly community-dwelling adults.

INTRODUCTION: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inactivates several key hormones including those that stimulate postprandial insulin secretion, and DPP-4 inhibitors (gliptins) are approved to treat diabetes. While DPP-4 is known to modulate osteogenesis, the relationship between DPP-4 activity and skeletal health is uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to examine possible associations between DPP-4 activity in elderly subjects enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and BMD, body composition measurements, and incident hip fractures.

METHODS: All 1536 male and female CHS participants who had evaluable DXA scans and plasma for DPP-4 activity were included in the analyses. The association between (1) BMD of the total hip, femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total body; (2) body composition measurements (\% lean, \% fat, and total body mass); and (3) incident hip fractures and plasma levels of DPP-4 activity were determined.

RESULTS: Mean plasma levels of DPP-4 activity were significantly higher in blacks (227~{\textpm}~78) compared with whites (216~{\textpm}~89) (p~=~0.04). However, there was no significant association of DPP-4 activity with age or gender (p~>=~0.14 for both). In multivariable adjusted models, there was no association of plasma DPP-4 activity with BMD overall (p~>=~0.55 for all) or in gender stratified analyses (p~>=~0.23). There was also no association of DPP-4 levels and incident hip fractures overall (p~>=~0.24) or in gender stratified analyses (p~>=~0.39).

CONCLUSION: Plasma DPP-4 activity, within the endogenous physiological range, was significantly associated with race, but not with BMD, body composition, or incident hip fractures in elderly community-dwelling subjects.

}, issn = {1433-2965}, doi = {10.1007/s00198-017-3916-4}, author = {Carbone, L D and B{\r u}{\v z}kov{\'a}, P and Fink, H A and Robbins, J A and Bethel, M and Isales, C M and Hill, W D} }