@article {7628, title = {Use of antihypertensive medications and breast cancer risk.}, journal = {Cancer Causes Control}, volume = {24}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Feb}, pages = {365-71}, abstract = {

PURPOSE: Use of specific antihypertensive medications (AHTs) has been hypothesized to increase breast cancer risk, but results across published studies are inconsistent.

METHODS: We re-evaluated the relationship between AHT use and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort of 3,201 women >=65 years of age at recruitment now with more than double the length of follow-up (12 vs. 5 years) and substantially more breast cancer diagnoses (188 compared with 75 cases). We estimated the association between AHT use overall as well as use of specific formulations (based on data collected annually) and breast cancer risk using multivariate-adjusted Cox regression.

RESULTS: Compared with women who reported no use of AHTs, women who had used calcium channel blockers (CCB) within the past two years had a 1.6-fold increased risk of breast cancer (95 \% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-2.5), and in particular, recent users of immediate-release CCBs had a 2.4-fold increased risk (95 \% CI: 1.3-4.5). Neither ever nor recent use of any other type of AHT was associated with breast cancer risk.

CONCLUSIONS: While the observed association between immediate-release CCBs and breast cancer risk is based on a small sample size and needs to be interpreted cautiously, this result is consistent with others in the literature. However, given declines in use of these preparations in favor of sustained-release CCBs, which was not related to risk, the potential clinical and public health impact of this association is limited. This study also adds to the evidence that other commonly used AHTs are not strongly related to breast cancer risk.

}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antihypertensive Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States}, issn = {1573-7225}, doi = {10.1007/s10552-012-0122-8}, author = {Saltzman, Babette S and Weiss, Noel S and Sieh, Weiva and Fitzpatrick, Annette L and McTiernan, Anne and Daling, Janet R and Li, Christopher I} } @article {7563, title = {Concordance With Prevention Guidelines and Subsequent Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mortality: A Longitudinal Study of Older Adults.}, journal = {Am J Epidemiol}, volume = {186}, year = {2017}, month = {2017 Nov 15}, pages = {1168-1179}, abstract = {

Reports on the associations between multiple clinical and behavioral health indicators and major health outcomes among older adults are scarce. We prospectively examined concordance with guidelines from the American Cancer Society and American Heart Association for disease prevention in relation to cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality among Cardiovascular Health Study enrollees aged 65-98 years who, at baseline assessment in 1989-1996 (n = 3,491), were free of CVD and cancer. Total and cause-specific mortality, as well as incidence of cancer and CVD, were lower with higher guideline concordance. Independent of body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose, better health behaviors (diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption) were associated with lower mortality (2-sided P < 0.0001). Among individuals with ideal levels for 3-4 of these 4 cardiometabolic biomarkers, those with poor concordance with health behavior recommendations had higher mortality compared with those who had the highest concordance with these behavioral recommendations (adjusted mortality hazard ratio = 1.82, 95\% confidence interval: 1.25, 2.67). Older adults who are concordant with recommendations for cancer and CVD prevention have reduced rates of chronic disease and mortality. Interventions to achieve and maintain healthy lifestyle behaviors may offer benefits both in the presence and absence of adverse traditional clinical risk factors.

}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, American Cancer Society, American Heart Association, Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Diet, Exercise, Female, Guideline Adherence, Healthy Lifestyle, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Neoplasms, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Prospective Studies, United States}, issn = {1476-6256}, doi = {10.1093/aje/kwx150}, author = {Greenlee, Heather and Strizich, Garrett and Lovasi, Gina S and Kaplan, Robert C and Biggs, Mary L and Li, Christopher I and Richardson, John and Burke, Gregory L and Fitzpatrick, Annette L and Fretts, Amanda M and Psaty, Bruce M and Fried, Linda P} } @article {8375, title = {Protein and glycomic plasma markers for early detection of adenoma and colon cancer.}, journal = {Gut}, volume = {67}, year = {2018}, month = {2018 03}, pages = {473-484}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: To discover and confirm blood-based colon cancer early-detection markers.

DESIGN: We created a high-density antibody microarray to detect differences in protein levels in plasma from individuals diagnosed with colon cancer <3 years after blood was drawn (ie, prediagnostic) and cancer-free, matched controls. Potential markers were tested on plasma samples from people diagnosed with adenoma or cancer, compared with controls. Components of an optimal 5-marker panel were tested via immunoblotting using a third sample set, Luminex assay in a large fourth sample set and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays.

RESULTS: In the prediagnostic samples, we found 78 significantly (t-test) increased proteins, 32 of which were confirmed in the diagnostic samples. From these 32, optimal 4-marker panels of BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 4 (BAG4), interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta (IL6ST), von Willebrand factor (VWF) and CD44 or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were established. Each panel member and the panels also showed increases in the diagnostic adenoma and cancer samples in independent third and fourth sample sets via immunoblot and Luminex, respectively. IHC results showed increased levels of BAG4, IL6ST and CD44 in adenoma and cancer tissues. Inclusion of EGFR and CD44 sialyl Lewis-A and Lewis-X content increased the panel performance. The protein/glycoprotein panel was statistically significantly higher in colon cancer samples, characterised by a range of area under the curves from 0.90 (95\% CI 0.82 to 0.98) to 0.86 (95\% CI 0.83 to 0.88), for the larger second and fourth sets, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: A panel including BAG4, IL6ST, VWF, EGFR and CD44 protein/glycomics performed well for detection of early stages of colon cancer and should be further examined in larger studies.

}, keywords = {Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Adenoma, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Tumor, CA-19-9 Antigen, Case-Control Studies, Colonic Neoplasms, Cytokine Receptor gp130, Early Detection of Cancer, ErbB Receptors, Female, Humans, Hyaluronan Receptors, Lewis X Antigen, Male, Middle Aged, Oligosaccharides, Protein Array Analysis, von Willebrand Factor}, issn = {1468-3288}, doi = {10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312794}, author = {Rho, Jung-Hyun and Ladd, Jon J and Li, Christopher I and Potter, John D and Zhang, Yuzheng and Shelley, David and Shibata, David and Coppola, Domenico and Yamada, Hiroyuki and Toyoda, Hidenori and Tada, Toshifumi and Kumada, Takashi and Brenner, Dean E and Hanash, Samir M and Lampe, Paul D} }