11004nas a2203505 4500008004100000022001400041245014700055210006900202260001300271300001300284490000600297520115200303653001801455653001601473653002001489653001601509653003001525653001101555653001701566653001801583653003401601653001101635653000901646653003601655653002401691653002401715653002001739100002301759700002301782700002101805700002101826700002101847700001901868700002801887700001601915700001801931700001601949700003101965700002101996700003002017700001802047700001502065700002102080700002302101700001902124700002002143700001902163700002202182700002002204700001802224700003202242700002502274700003002299700002302329700001902352700001902371700002202390700002202412700001902434700001802453700001902471700002202490700002302512700002302535700002202558700002402580700002102604700002202625700002202647700002602669700002302695700002202718700002302740700002402763700002202787700002202809700001202831700002502843700001802868700002802886700002402914700001802938700002502956700001902981700001603000700001903016700001903035700002503054700002503079700002603104700001903130700002003149700001703169700002403186700002003210700002303230700001603253700002003269700002203289700002803311700002103339700002403360700002003384700002303404700001803427700002203445700002103467700001903488700002603507700002203533700002803555700002003583700002803603700002703631700002003658700002303678700002003701700002103721700002403742700002003766700001503786700002803801700002603829700001903855700002803874700001903902700002503921700002403946700002703970700002003997700001404017700002004031700002204051700001904073700001804092700001804110700002104128700002004149700002204169700001604191700002204207700002204229700002604251700002604277700001704303700002004320700002304340700001904363700002304382700002004405700002304425700001904448700001804467700002304485700002504508700001904533700001904552700002004571700003004591700003504621700002104656700001704677700002104694700001904715700002504734700002404759700001804783700001504801700002404816700002204840700002504862700001504887700002304902700002004925700001904945700002204964700002004986700001805006700002205024700002005046700002105066700002105087700001705108700002105125700002005146700001605166700002105182700001905203700002505222700002405247700002305271700001905294700002205313700001805335700002005353700002005373700001905393700002105412700002405433700001805457700002005475700002105495700002005516700002505536700002105561700002105582700002405603700001805627700001605645700002105661700003705682700002205719700001805741700002005759700002105779700002005800700002605820700002305846700001905869700002005888700002305908700002405931700002005955700001905975700002005994700002406014700002506038700001906063700002106082700002106103700001806124700002106142700003006163700002006193700002306213700002206236700002006258700002806278700002206306700001906328700002406347700002206371700002006393700001906413700002306432700001506455700001706470700001506487700001806502700001906520700002706539700002306566700002206589700002106611700002206632700002206654700002306676700002506699700002106724700001906745700001806764700001906782700002106801700001906822700001806841700002906859700001906888700002106907700002306928700002006951700002106971700002206992700001907014700002307033700001807056700002007074700001907094700002107113700002607134700002407160700002307184700002107207700002307228700002507251700002207276700002407298700001107322700002007333700002507353700001907378700001807397710002307415710002407438856003607462 2013 eng d a1553-740400aSex-stratified genome-wide association studies including 270,000 individuals show sexual dimorphism in genetic loci for anthropometric traits.0 aSexstratified genomewide association studies including 270000 in c2013 Jun ae10035000 v93 a
Given the anthropometric differences between men and women and previous evidence of sex-difference in genetic effects, we conducted a genome-wide search for sexually dimorphic associations with height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip-ratio (133,723 individuals) and took forward 348 SNPs into follow-up (additional 137,052 individuals) in a total of 94 studies. Seven loci displayed significant sex-difference (FDR<5%), including four previously established (near GRB14/COBLL1, LYPLAL1/SLC30A10, VEGFA, ADAMTS9) and three novel anthropometric trait loci (near MAP3K1, HSD17B4, PPARG), all of which were genome-wide significant in women (P<5×10(-8)), but not in men. Sex-differences were apparent only for waist phenotypes, not for height, weight, BMI, or hip circumference. Moreover, we found no evidence for genetic effects with opposite directions in men versus women. The PPARG locus is of specific interest due to its role in diabetes genetics and therapy. Our results demonstrate the value of sex-specific GWAS to unravel the sexually dimorphic genetic underpinning of complex traits.
10aAnthropometry10aBody Height10aBody Mass Index10aBody Weight10aBody Weights and Measures10aFemale10aGenetic Loci10aGenome, Human10aGenome-Wide Association Study10aHumans10aMale10aPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide10aSex Characteristics10aWaist Circumference10aWaist-Hip Ratio1 aRandall, Joshua, C1 aWinkler, Thomas, W1 aKutalik, Zoltán1 aBerndt, Sonja, I1 aJackson, Anne, U1 aMonda, Keri, L1 aKilpeläinen, Tuomas, O1 aEsko, Tõnu1 aMägi, Reedik1 aLi, Shengxu1 aWorkalemahu, Tsegaselassie1 aFeitosa, Mary, F1 aCroteau-Chonka, Damien, C1 aDay, Felix, R1 aFall, Tove1 aFerreira, Teresa1 aGustafsson, Stefan1 aLocke, Adam, E1 aMathieson, Iain1 aScherag, Andre1 aVedantam, Sailaja1 aWood, Andrew, R1 aLiang, Liming1 aSteinthorsdottir, Valgerdur1 aThorleifsson, Gudmar1 aDermitzakis, Emmanouil, T1 aDimas, Antigone, S1 aKarpe, Fredrik1 aMin, Josine, L1 aNicholson, George1 aClegg, Deborah, J1 aPerson, Thomas1 aKrohn, Jon, P1 aBauer, Sabrina1 aBuechler, Christa1 aEisinger, Kristina1 aBonnefond, Amélie1 aFroguel, Philippe1 aHottenga, Jouke-Jan1 aProkopenko, Inga1 aWaite, Lindsay, L1 aHarris, Tamara, B1 aSmith, Albert, Vernon1 aShuldiner, Alan, R1 aMcArdle, Wendy, L1 aCaulfield, Mark, J1 aMunroe, Patricia, B1 aGrönberg, Henrik1 aChen, Yii-Der Ida1 aLi, Guo1 aBeckmann, Jacques, S1 aJohnson, Toby1 aThorsteinsdottir, Unnur1 aTeder-Laving, Maris1 aKhaw, Kay-Tee1 aWareham, Nicholas, J1 aZhao, Jing Hua1 aAmin, Najaf1 aOostra, Ben, A1 aKraja, Aldi, T1 aProvince, Michael, A1 aCupples, Adrienne, L1 aHeard-Costa, Nancy, L1 aKaprio, Jaakko1 aRipatti, Samuli1 aSurakka, Ida1 aCollins, Francis, S1 aSaramies, Jouko1 aTuomilehto, Jaakko1 aJula, Antti1 aSalomaa, Veikko1 aErdmann, Jeanette1 aHengstenberg, Christian1 aLoley, Christina1 aSchunkert, Heribert1 aLamina, Claudia1 aWichmann, Erich, H1 aAlbrecht, Eva1 aGieger, Christian1 aHicks, Andrew, A1 aJohansson, Asa1 aPramstaller, Peter, P1 aKathiresan, Sekar1 aSpeliotes, Elizabeth, K1 aPenninx, Brenda1 aHartikainen, Anna-Liisa1 aJarvelin, Marjo-Riitta1 aGyllensten, Ulf1 aBoomsma, Dorret, I1 aCampbell, Harry1 aWilson, James, F1 aChanock, Stephen, J1 aFarrall, Martin1 aGoel, Anuj1 aMedina-Gómez, Carolina1 aRivadeneira, Fernando1 aEstrada, Karol1 aUitterlinden, André, G1 aHofman, Albert1 aZillikens, Carola, M1 aHeijer, Martin, den1 aKiemeney, Lambertus, A1 aMaschio, Andrea1 aHall, Per1 aTyrer, Jonathan1 aTeumer, Alexander1 aVölzke, Henry1 aKovacs, Peter1 aTönjes, Anke1 aMangino, Massimo1 aSpector, Tim, D1 aHayward, Caroline1 aRudan, Igor1 aHall, Alistair, S1 aSamani, Nilesh, J1 aAttwood, Antony, Paul1 aSambrook, Jennifer, G1 aHung, Joseph1 aPalmer, Lyle, J1 aLokki, Marja-Liisa1 aSinisalo, Juha1 aBoucher, Gabrielle1 aHuikuri, Heikki1 aLorentzon, Mattias1 aOhlsson, Claes1 aEklund, Niina1 aEriksson, Johan, G1 aBarlassina, Cristina1 aRivolta, Carlo1 aNolte, Ilja, M1 aSnieder, Harold1 avan der Klauw, Melanie, M1 avan Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana, V1 aGejman, Pablo, V1 aShi, Jianxin1 aJacobs, Kevin, B1 aWang, Zhaoming1 aBakker, Stephan, J L1 aLeach, Irene, Mateo1 aNavis, Gerjan1 aHarst, Pim1 aMartin, Nicholas, G1 aMedland, Sarah, E1 aMontgomery, Grant, W1 aYang, Jian1 aChasman, Daniel, I1 aRidker, Paul, M1 aRose, Lynda, M1 aLehtimäki, Terho1 aRaitakari, Olli1 aAbsher, Devin1 aIribarren, Carlos1 aBasart, Hanneke1 aHovingh, Kees, G1 aHyppönen, Elina1 aPower, Chris1 aAnderson, Denise1 aBeilby, John, P1 aHui, Jennie1 aJolley, Jennifer1 aSager, Hendrik1 aBornstein, Stefan, R1 aSchwarz, Peter, E H1 aKristiansson, Kati1 aPerola, Markus1 aLindström, Jaana1 aSwift, Amy, J1 aUusitupa, Matti1 aAtalay, Mustafa1 aLakka, Timo, A1 aRauramaa, Rainer1 aBolton, Jennifer, L1 aFowkes, Gerry1 aFraser, Ross, M1 aPrice, Jackie, F1 aFischer, Krista1 aKov, Kaarel, Krjutå1 aMetspalu, Andres1 aMihailov, Evelin1 aLangenberg, Claudia1 aLuan, Jian'an1 aOng, Ken, K1 aChines, Peter, S1 aKeinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, M1 aSaaristo, Timo, E1 aEdkins, Sarah1 aFranks, Paul, W1 aHallmans, Göran1 aShungin, Dmitry1 aMorris, Andrew, David1 aPalmer, Colin, N A1 aErbel, Raimund1 aMoebus, Susanne1 aNöthen, Markus, M1 aPechlivanis, Sonali1 aHveem, Kristian1 aNarisu, Narisu1 aHamsten, Anders1 aHumphries, Steve, E1 aStrawbridge, Rona, J1 aTremoli, Elena1 aGrallert, Harald1 aThorand, Barbara1 aIllig, Thomas1 aKoenig, Wolfgang1 aMüller-Nurasyid, Martina1 aPeters, Annette1 aBoehm, Bernhard, O1 aKleber, Marcus, E1 aMärz, Winfried1 aWinkelmann, Bernhard, R1 aKuusisto, Johanna1 aLaakso, Markku1 aArveiler, Dominique1 aCesana, Giancarlo1 aKuulasmaa, Kari1 aVirtamo, Jarmo1 aYarnell, John, W G1 aKuh, Diana1 aWong, Andrew1 aLind, Lars1 ade Faire, Ulf1 aGigante, Bruna1 aMagnusson, Patrik, K E1 aPedersen, Nancy, L1 aDedoussis, George1 aDimitriou, Maria1 aKolovou, Genovefa1 aKanoni, Stavroula1 aStirrups, Kathleen1 aBonnycastle, Lori, L1 aNjølstad, Inger1 aWilsgaard, Tom1 aGanna, Andrea1 aRehnberg, Emil1 aHingorani, Aroon1 aKivimaki, Mika1 aKumari, Meena1 aAssimes, Themistocles, L1 aBarroso, Inês1 aBoehnke, Michael1 aBorecki, Ingrid, B1 aDeloukas, Panos1 aFox, Caroline, S1 aFrayling, Timothy1 aGroop, Leif, C1 aHaritunians, Talin1 aHunter, David1 aIngelsson, Erik1 aKaplan, Robert1 aMohlke, Karen, L1 aO'Connell, Jeffrey, R1 aSchlessinger, David1 aStrachan, David, P1 aStefansson, Kari1 aDuijn, Cornelia, M1 aAbecasis, Goncalo, R1 aMcCarthy, Mark, I1 aHirschhorn, Joel, N1 aQi, Lu1 aLoos, Ruth, J F1 aLindgren, Cecilia, M1 aNorth, Kari, E1 aHeid, Iris, M1 aDIAGRAM Consortium1 aMAGIC investigators uhttps://chs-nhlbi.org/node/6028