04866nas a2200949 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260001200258300001300270490000700283520220500290653000902495653001402504653001502518653001902533653003002552653001702582653001102599653001602610653003302626653001102659653001102670653001402681653000902695653001602704653002402720653001602744653001102760653001802771100002102789700001902810700002002829700003002849700001802879700002002897700001902917700002202936700001702958700001602975700002202991700001903013700001903032700002003051700002503071700002103096700002803117700002403145700001803169700002603187700002103213700002203234700002403256700002303280700001903303700001403322700002003336700001903356700001503375700001703390700002203407700002403429700001703453700002603470700002103496700002403517700003003541700002203571700001203593700002103605700002003626700002603646700002103672700001803693700001803711700002103729700002403750700002503774710002403799710005703823856003603880 2018 eng d a1549-167600aFatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.0 aFatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat consumption and incidence of c2018 10 ae10026700 v153 a
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate prospective associations of circulating or adipose tissue odd-chain fatty acids 15:0 and 17:0 and trans-palmitoleic acid, t16:1n-7, as potential biomarkers of dairy fat intake, with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).
METHODS AND FINDINGS: Sixteen prospective cohorts from 12 countries (7 from the United States, 7 from Europe, 1 from Australia, 1 from Taiwan) performed new harmonised individual-level analysis for the prospective associations according to a standardised plan. In total, 63,682 participants with a broad range of baseline ages and BMIs and 15,180 incident cases of T2D over the average of 9 years of follow-up were evaluated. Study-specific results were pooled using inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis. Prespecified interactions by age, sex, BMI, and race/ethnicity were explored in each cohort and were meta-analysed. Potential heterogeneity by cohort-specific characteristics (regions, lipid compartments used for fatty acid assays) was assessed with metaregression. After adjustment for potential confounders, including measures of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference) and lipogenesis (levels of palmitate, triglycerides), higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with lower incidence of T2D. In the most adjusted model, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident T2D per cohort-specific 10th to 90th percentile range of 15:0 was 0.80 (0.73-0.87); of 17:0, 0.65 (0.59-0.72); of t16:1n7, 0.82 (0.70-0.96); and of their sum, 0.71 (0.63-0.79). In exploratory analyses, similar associations for 15:0, 17:0, and the sum of all three fatty acids were present in both genders but stronger in women than in men (pinteraction < 0.001). Whereas studying associations with biomarkers has several advantages, as limitations, the biomarkers do not distinguish between different food sources of dairy fat (e.g., cheese, yogurt, milk), and residual confounding by unmeasured or imprecisely measured confounders may exist.
CONCLUSIONS: In a large meta-analysis that pooled the findings from 16 prospective cohort studies, higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with a lower risk of T2D.
10aAged10aAustralia10aBiomarkers10aDairy Products10aDiabetes Mellitus, Type 210aDietary Fats10aEurope10aFatty Acids10aFatty Acids, Monounsaturated10aFemale10aHumans10aIncidence10aMale10aMiddle Aged10aProspective Studies10aSex Factors10aTaiwan10aUnited States1 aImamura, Fumiaki1 aFretts, Amanda1 aMarklund, Matti1 aKorat, Andres, V Ardisson1 aYang, Wei-Sin1 aLankinen, Maria1 aQureshi, Waqas1 aHelmer, Catherine1 aChen, Tzu-An1 aWong, Kerry1 aBassett, Julie, K1 aMurphy, Rachel1 aTintle, Nathan1 aYu, Chaoyu, Ian1 aBrouwer, Ingeborg, A1 aChien, Kuo-Liong1 aFrazier-Wood, Alexis, C1 aDel Gobbo, Liana, C1 aDjoussé, Luc1 aGeleijnse, Johanna, M1 aGiles, Graham, G1 ade Goede, Janette1 aGudnason, Vilmundur1 aHarris, William, S1 aHodge, Allison1 aHu, Frank1 aKoulman, Albert1 aLaakso, Markku1 aLind, Lars1 aLin, Hung-Ju1 aMcKnight, Barbara1 aRajaobelina, Kalina1 aRiserus, Ulf1 aRobinson, Jennifer, G1 aSamieri, Cecilia1 aSiscovick, David, S1 aSoedamah-Muthu, Sabita, S1 aSotoodehnia, Nona1 aSun, Qi1 aTsai, Michael, Y1 aUusitupa, Matti1 aWagenknecht, Lynne, E1 aWareham, Nick, J1 aWu, Jason, HY1 aMicha, Renata1 aForouhi, Nita, G1 aLemaitre, Rozenn, N1 aMozaffarian, Dariush1 aInterAct Consortium1 aFatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE) uhttps://chs-nhlbi.org/node/804105879nas a2201189 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260001600221300001400237490000800251520248600259100002002745700001802765700002102783700002402804700001902828700002202847700001602869700001902885700002002904700002302924700001702947700002902964700002302993700002903016700002003045700002203065700002003087700002203107700001703129700002103146700002003167700002003187700001603207700001803223700001403241700001603255700002303271700002503294700001903319700002303338700002103361700001803382700001803400700002403418700002203442700002103464700002103485700002603506700001903532700001803551700002003569700002403589700001903613700002303632700002203655700002303677700001903700700001703719700002103736700002403757700001903781700001803800700001903818700001903837700001903856700001703875700001503892700001803907700001503925700002203940700001803962700002403980700001704004700002004021700001504041700002504056700002104081700003004102700002104132700002204153700001704175700001204192700002204204700002104226700002504247700002504272700002004297700002004317700002904337700001804366700002004384700001904404700001904423700001804442700002404460700002504484700001704509710012704526856003604653 2019 eng d a1524-453900aBiomarkers of Dietary Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality.0 aBiomarkers of Dietary Omega6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovasc c2019 May 21 a2422-24360 v1393 aBACKGROUND: Global dietary recommendations for and cardiovascular effects of linoleic acid, the major dietary omega-6 fatty acid, and its major metabolite, arachidonic acid, remain controversial. To address this uncertainty and inform international recommendations, we evaluated how in vivo circulating and tissue levels of linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) relate to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) across multiple international studies.
METHODS: We performed harmonized, de novo, individual-level analyses in a global consortium of 30 prospective observational studies from 13 countries. Multivariable-adjusted associations of circulating and adipose tissue LA and AA biomarkers with incident total CVD and subtypes (coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular mortality) were investigated according to a prespecified analytic plan. Levels of LA and AA, measured as the percentage of total fatty acids, were evaluated linearly according to their interquintile range (ie, the range between the midpoint of the first and fifth quintiles), and categorically by quintiles. Study-specific results were pooled using inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by age, sex, race, diabetes mellitus, statin use, aspirin use, omega-3 levels, and fatty acid desaturase 1 genotype (when available).
RESULTS: In 30 prospective studies with medians of follow-up ranging 2.5 to 31.9 years, 15 198 incident cardiovascular events occurred among 68 659 participants. Higher levels of LA were significantly associated with lower risks of total CVD, cardiovascular mortality, and ischemic stroke, with hazard ratios per interquintile range of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.88-0.99), 0.78 (0.70-0.85), and 0.88 (0.79-0.98), respectively, and nonsignificantly with lower coronary heart disease risk (0.94; 0.88-1.00). Relationships were similar for LA evaluated across quintiles. AA levels were not associated with higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes; in a comparison of extreme quintiles, higher levels were associated with lower risk of total CVD (0.92; 0.86-0.99). No consistent heterogeneity by population subgroups was identified in the observed relationships.
CONCLUSIONS: In pooled global analyses, higher in vivo circulating and tissue levels of LA and possibly AA were associated with lower risk of major cardiovascular events. These results support a favorable role for LA in CVD prevention.
1 aMarklund, Matti1 aH Y Wu, Jason1 aImamura, Fumiaki1 aDel Gobbo, Liana, C1 aFretts, Amanda1 ade Goede, Janette1 aShi, Peilin1 aTintle, Nathan1 aWennberg, Maria1 aAslibekyan, Stella1 aChen, Tzu-An1 aOtto, Marcia, C de Olive1 aHirakawa, Yoichiro1 aEriksen, Helle, Højmark1 aKröger, Janine1 aLaguzzi, Federica1 aLankinen, Maria1 aMurphy, Rachel, A1 aPrem, Kiesha1 aSamieri, Cecilia1 aVirtanen, Jyrki1 aWood, Alexis, C1 aWong, Kerry1 aYang, Wei-Sin1 aZhou, Xia1 aBaylin, Ana1 aBoer, Jolanda, M A1 aBrouwer, Ingeborg, A1 aCampos, Hannia1 aChaves, Paulo, H M1 aChien, Kuo-Liong1 ade Faire, Ulf1 aDjoussé, Luc1 aEiriksdottir, Gudny1 aEl-Abbadi, Naglaa1 aForouhi, Nita, G1 aGaziano, Michael1 aGeleijnse, Johanna, M1 aGigante, Bruna1 aGiles, Graham1 aGuallar, Eliseo1 aGudnason, Vilmundur1 aHarris, Tamara1 aHarris, William, S1 aHelmer, Catherine1 aHellenius, Mai-Lis1 aHodge, Allison1 aHu, Frank, B1 aJacques, Paul, F1 aJansson, Jan-Håkan1 aKalsbeek, Anya1 aKhaw, Kay-Tee1 aKoh, Woon-Puay1 aLaakso, Markku1 aLeander, Karin1 aLin, Hung-Ju1 aLind, Lars1 aLuben, Robert1 aLuo, Juhua1 aMcKnight, Barbara1 aMursu, Jaakko1 aNinomiya, Toshiharu1 aOvervad, Kim1 aPsaty, Bruce, M1 aRimm, Eric1 aSchulze, Matthias, B1 aSiscovick, David1 aNielsen, Michael, Skjelbo1 aSmith, Albert, V1 aSteffen, Brian, T1 aSteffen, Lyn1 aSun, Qi1 aSundström, Johan1 aTsai, Michael, Y1 aTunstall-Pedoe, Hugh1 aUusitupa, Matti, I J1 avan Dam, Rob, M1 aVeenstra, Jenna1 aVerschuren, W, M Monique1 aWareham, Nick1 aWillett, Walter1 aWoodward, Mark1 aYuan, Jian-Min1 aMicha, Renata1 aLemaitre, Rozenn, N1 aMozaffarian, Dariush1 aRiserus, Ulf1 aCohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE) uhttps://chs-nhlbi.org/node/8047