TY - JOUR T1 - Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants. JF - Am J Clin Nutr Y1 - 2015 A1 - Dashti, Hassan S A1 - Follis, Jack L A1 - Smith, Caren E A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Cade, Brian E A1 - Gottlieb, Daniel J A1 - Hruby, Adela A1 - Jacques, Paul F A1 - Lamon-Fava, Stefania A1 - Richardson, Kris A1 - Saxena, Richa A1 - Scheer, Frank A J L A1 - Kovanen, Leena A1 - Bartz, Traci M A1 - Perälä, Mia-Maria A1 - Jonsson, Anna A1 - Frazier-Wood, Alexis C A1 - Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota A1 - Mikkilä, Vera A1 - Partonen, Timo A1 - Lemaitre, Rozenn N A1 - Lahti, Jari A1 - Hernandez, Dena G A1 - Toft, Ulla A1 - Johnson, W Craig A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Highland, Heather M A1 - Rallidis, Loukianos A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Havulinna, Aki S A1 - Siscovick, David S A1 - Räikkönen, Katri A1 - Jørgensen, Torben A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Viikari, Jorma S A A1 - Mozaffarian, Dariush A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Seppälä, Ilkka A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Gharib, Sina A A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Rich, Stephen S A1 - Dedoussis, George A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Ordovas, Jose M KW - Adult KW - Body Mass Index KW - CLOCK Proteins KW - Cohort Studies KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Diet KW - Dietary Proteins KW - Energy Intake KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated KW - Female KW - Gene-Environment Interaction KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Obesity KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Sleep KW - Young Adult AB -

BACKGROUND: Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake.

OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations.

DESIGN: We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium.

RESULTS: We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile.

VL - 101 IS - 1 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25527757?dopt=Abstract ER -