TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory muscle strength and the risk of incident cardiovascular events. JF - Thorax Y1 - 2004 A1 - van der Palen, J A1 - Rea, T D A1 - Manolio, T A A1 - Lumley, T A1 - Newman, A B A1 - Tracy, R P A1 - Enright, P L A1 - Psaty, B M KW - Cardiovascular Diseases KW - Female KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Forced Expiratory Volume KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Maximal Voluntary Ventilation KW - Prospective Studies KW - Respiratory Muscles KW - Risk Factors KW - Vital Capacity AB -

BACKGROUND: Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is a measure of inspiratory muscle strength. The prognostic importance of MIP for cardiovascular events among elderly community dwelling individuals is unknown. Diminished forced vital capacity (FVC) is a risk factor for cardiovascular events which remains largely unexplained.

METHODS: MIP was measured at the baseline examination of the Cardiovascular Health Study. Participants had to be free of prevalent congestive heart failure (CHF), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.

RESULTS: Subjects in the lowest quintile of MIP had a 1.5-fold increased risk of MI (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.06) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) after adjustment for non-pulmonary function covariates. There was a potential inverse relationship with stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.90), but there was little evidence of an association between MIP and CHF (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.60). The addition of FVC to models attenuated the HR associated with MIP only modestly; similarly, addition of MIP attenuated the HR associated with FVC only modestly.

CONCLUSIONS: A reduced MIP is an independent risk factor for MI and CVD death, and a suggestion of an increased risk for stroke. This association with MIP appeared to be mediated through mechanisms other than inflammation.

VL - 59 IS - 12 U1 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15563706?dopt=Abstract ER -