TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of dietary whole-grain intake with fasting glucose- and insulin-related genetic loci in individuals of European descent: a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies. JF - Diabetes Care Y1 - 2010 A1 - Nettleton, Jennifer A A1 - McKeown, Nicola M A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Lemaitre, Rozenn N A1 - Hivert, Marie-France A1 - Ngwa, Julius A1 - van Rooij, Frank J A A1 - Sonestedt, Emily A1 - Wojczynski, Mary K A1 - Ye, Zheng A1 - Tanaka, Tosh A1 - Garcia, Melissa A1 - Anderson, Jennifer S A1 - Follis, Jack L A1 - Djoussé, Luc A1 - Mukamal, Kenneth A1 - Papoutsakis, Constantina A1 - Mozaffarian, Dariush A1 - Zillikens, M Carola A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Bennett, Amanda J A1 - Borecki, Ingrid B A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Forouhi, Nita G A1 - Groves, Christopher J A1 - Hallmans, Göran A1 - Harris, Tamara A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Houston, Denise K A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Johansson, Ingegerd A1 - Kritchevsky, Stephen B A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Launer, Lenore A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Loos, Ruth J A1 - Nalls, Michael A1 - Orho-Melander, Marju A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Rice, Kenneth A1 - Riserus, Ulf A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Saylor, Georgia A1 - Sijbrands, Eric J G A1 - Sjogren, Per A1 - Smith, Albert A1 - Steingrímsdóttir, Laufey A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Prokopenko, Inga A1 - Pankow, James S A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Florez, Jose C A1 - Witteman, Jacqueline C M A1 - Dupuis, Josée A1 - Dedoussis, George V A1 - Ordovas, Jose M A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Cupples, L Adrienne A1 - Siscovick, David S A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Meigs, James B KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Blood Glucose KW - Edible Grain KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - Fasting KW - Female KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Genotype KW - Humans KW - Insulin KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide AB -

OBJECTIVE: Whole-grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes risk. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in individuals free of diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that whole-grain food intake and genetic variation interact to influence concentrations of fasting glucose and insulin.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Via meta-analysis of data from 14 cohorts comprising ∼ 48,000 participants of European descent, we studied interactions of whole-grain intake with loci previously associated in GWAS with fasting glucose (16 loci) and/or insulin (2 loci) concentrations. For tests of interaction, we considered a P value <0.0028 (0.05 of 18 tests) as statistically significant.

RESULTS: Greater whole-grain food intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations independent of demographics, other dietary and lifestyle factors, and BMI (β [95% CI] per 1-serving-greater whole-grain intake: -0.009 mmol/l glucose [-0.013 to -0.005], P < 0.0001 and -0.011 pmol/l [ln] insulin [-0.015 to -0.007], P = 0.0003). No interactions met our multiple testing-adjusted statistical significance threshold. The strongest SNP interaction with whole-grain intake was rs780094 (GCKR) for fasting insulin (P = 0.006), where greater whole-grain intake was associated with a smaller reduction in fasting insulin concentrations in those with the insulin-raising allele.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the favorable association of whole-grain intake with fasting glucose and insulin and suggest a potential interaction between variation in GCKR and whole-grain intake in influencing fasting insulin concentrations.

VL - 33 IS - 12 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20693352?dopt=Abstract ER -