%0 Journal Article %J Lancet Neurol %D 2012 %T Genetic risk factors for ischaemic stroke and its subtypes (the METASTROKE collaboration): a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. %A Traylor, Matthew %A Farrall, Martin %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Fornage, Myriam %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Malik, Rainer %A Bevan, Steve %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Nalls, Mike A %A Longstreth, Wt %A Wiggins, Kerri L %A Yadav, Sunaina %A Parati, Eugenio A %A DeStefano, Anita L %A Worrall, Bradford B %A Kittner, Steven J %A Khan, Muhammad Saleem %A Reiner, Alex P %A Helgadottir, Anna %A Achterberg, Sefanja %A Fernandez-Cadenas, Israel %A Abboud, Sherine %A Schmidt, Reinhold %A Walters, Matthew %A Chen, Wei-Min %A Ringelstein, E Bernd %A O'Donnell, Martin %A Ho, Weang Kee %A Pera, Joanna %A Lemmens, Robin %A Norrving, Bo %A Higgins, Peter %A Benn, Marianne %A Sale, Michele %A Kuhlenbäumer, Gregor %A Doney, Alexander S F %A Vicente, Astrid M %A Delavaran, Hossein %A Algra, Ale %A Davies, Gail %A Oliveira, Sofia A %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Deary, Ian %A Schmidt, Helena %A Pandolfo, Massimo %A Montaner, Joan %A Carty, Cara %A de Bakker, Paul I W %A Kostulas, Konstantinos %A Ferro, Jose M %A van Zuydam, Natalie R %A Valdimarsson, Einar %A Nordestgaard, Børge G %A Lindgren, Arne %A Thijs, Vincent %A Slowik, Agnieszka %A Saleheen, Danish %A Paré, Guillaume %A Berger, Klaus %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Hofman, Albert %A Mosley, Thomas H %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Furie, Karen %A Clarke, Robert %A Levi, Christopher %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Gschwendtner, Andreas %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Bis, Joshua C %A Gretarsdottir, Solveig %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Meschia, James F %A Stefansson, Kari %A Dichgans, Martin %A Markus, Hugh S %K Brain Ischemia %K Databases, Genetic %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Risk Factors %K Stroke %X

BACKGROUND: Various genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been done in ischaemic stroke, identifying a few loci associated with the disease, but sample sizes have been 3500 cases or less. We established the METASTROKE collaboration with the aim of validating associations from previous GWAS and identifying novel genetic associations through meta-analysis of GWAS datasets for ischaemic stroke and its subtypes.

METHODS: We meta-analysed data from 15 ischaemic stroke cohorts with a total of 12 389 individuals with ischaemic stroke and 62 004 controls, all of European ancestry. For the associations reaching genome-wide significance in METASTROKE, we did a further analysis, conditioning on the lead single nucleotide polymorphism in every associated region. Replication of novel suggestive signals was done in 13 347 cases and 29 083 controls.

FINDINGS: We verified previous associations for cardioembolic stroke near PITX2 (p=2·8×10(-16)) and ZFHX3 (p=2·28×10(-8)), and for large-vessel stroke at a 9p21 locus (p=3·32×10(-5)) and HDAC9 (p=2·03×10(-12)). Additionally, we verified that all associations were subtype specific. Conditional analysis in the three regions for which the associations reached genome-wide significance (PITX2, ZFHX3, and HDAC9) indicated that all the signal in each region could be attributed to one risk haplotype. We also identified 12 potentially novel loci at p<5×10(-6). However, we were unable to replicate any of these novel associations in the replication cohort.

INTERPRETATION: Our results show that, although genetic variants can be detected in patients with ischaemic stroke when compared with controls, all associations we were able to confirm are specific to a stroke subtype. This finding has two implications. First, to maximise success of genetic studies in ischaemic stroke, detailed stroke subtyping is required. Second, different genetic pathophysiological mechanisms seem to be associated with different stroke subtypes.

FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, UK Medical Research Council (MRC), Australian National and Medical Health Research Council, National Institutes of Health (NIH) including National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).

%B Lancet Neurol %V 11 %P 951-62 %8 2012 Nov %G eng %N 11 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23041239?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70234-X %0 Journal Article %J Ann Neurol %D 2013 %T Ischemic stroke is associated with the ABO locus: the EuroCLOT study. %A Williams, Frances M K %A Carter, Angela M %A Hysi, Pirro G %A Surdulescu, Gabriela %A Hodgkiss, Dylan %A Soranzo, Nicole %A Traylor, Matthew %A Bevan, Steve %A Dichgans, Martin %A Rothwell, Peter M W %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Farrall, Martin %A Silander, Kaisa %A Kaunisto, Mari %A Wagner, Peter %A Saarela, Olli %A Kuulasmaa, Kari %A Virtamo, Jarmo %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Ferrieres, Jean %A Wiklund, Per-Gunnar %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Hofman, Albert %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Parati, Eugenio A %A Helgadottir, Anna %A Gretarsdottir, Solveig %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Stefansson, Kari %A Seshadri, Sudha %A DeStefano, Anita %A Gschwendtner, Andreas %A Psaty, Bruce %A Longstreth, Will %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Clarke, Robert %A Ferrario, Marco %A Bis, Joshua C %A Levi, Christopher %A Attia, John %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Scott, Rodney J %A Fornage, Myriam %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Furie, Karen L %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Nalls, Mike %A Meschia, James %A Mosely, Thomas H %A Evans, Alun %A Palotie, Aarno %A Markus, Hugh S %A Grant, Peter J %A Spector, Tim D %K ABO Blood-Group System %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Blood Coagulation %K Brain Ischemia %K Cohort Studies %K Europe %K Female %K Genetic Loci %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genetic Variation %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Stroke %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVE: End-stage coagulation and the structure/function of fibrin are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. We explored whether genetic variants associated with end-stage coagulation in healthy volunteers account for the genetic predisposition to ischemic stroke and examined their influence on stroke subtype.

METHODS: Common genetic variants identified through genome-wide association studies of coagulation factors and fibrin structure/function in healthy twins (n = 2,100, Stage 1) were examined in ischemic stroke (n = 4,200 cases) using 2 independent samples of European ancestry (Stage 2). A third clinical collection having stroke subtyping (total 8,900 cases, 55,000 controls) was used for replication (Stage 3).

RESULTS: Stage 1 identified 524 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 23 linkage disequilibrium blocks having significant association (p < 5 × 10(-8)) with 1 or more coagulation/fibrin phenotypes. The most striking associations included SNP rs5985 with factor XIII activity (p = 2.6 × 10(-186)), rs10665 with FVII (p = 2.4 × 10(-47)), and rs505922 in the ABO gene with both von Willebrand factor (p = 4.7 × 10(-57)) and factor VIII (p = 1.2 × 10(-36)). In Stage 2, the 23 independent SNPs were examined in stroke cases/noncases using MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) and Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 collections. SNP rs505922 was nominally associated with ischemic stroke (odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval = 0.88-0.99, p = 0.023). Independent replication in Meta-Stroke confirmed the rs505922 association with stroke, beta (standard error, SE) = 0.066 (0.02), p = 0.001, a finding specific to large-vessel and cardioembolic stroke (p = 0.001 and p = < 0.001, respectively) but not seen with small-vessel stroke (p = 0.811).

INTERPRETATION: ABO gene variants are associated with large-vessel and cardioembolic stroke but not small-vessel disease. This work sheds light on the different pathogenic mechanisms underpinning stroke subtype.

%B Ann Neurol %V 73 %P 16-31 %8 2013 Jan %G eng %N 1 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23381943?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1002/ana.23838 %0 Journal Article %J Neurology %D 2014 %T Meta-analysis in more than 17,900 cases of ischemic stroke reveals a novel association at 12q24.12. %A Kilarski, Laura L %A Achterberg, Sefanja %A Devan, William J %A Traylor, Matthew %A Malik, Rainer %A Lindgren, Arne %A Pare, Guillame %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Slowik, Agniesczka %A Thijs, Vincent %A Walters, Matthew %A Worrall, Bradford B %A Sale, Michèle M %A Algra, Ale %A Kappelle, L Jaap %A Wijmenga, Cisca %A Norrving, Bo %A Sandling, Johanna K %A Rönnblom, Lars %A Goris, An %A Franke, Andre %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Levi, Christopher %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Fornage, Myriam %A Psaty, Bruce %A Gretarsdottir, Solveig %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnar %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Kittner, Steven %A Clarke, Robert %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Bis, Joshua C %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Meschia, James %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Hansen, Bjorn M %A Montaner, Joan %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Stefanson, Kari %A Rosand, Jonathan %A de Bakker, Paul I W %A Farrall, Martin %A Dichgans, Martin %A Markus, Hugh S %A Bevan, Steve %K Brain Ischemia %K Cerebral Hemorrhage %K Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genotype %K Humans %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Risk %K Stroke %X

OBJECTIVES: To perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Immunochip array in 3,420 cases of ischemic stroke and 6,821 controls, followed by a meta-analysis with data from more than 14,000 additional ischemic stroke cases.

METHODS: Using the Immunochip, we genotyped 3,420 ischemic stroke cases and 6,821 controls. After imputation we meta-analyzed the results with imputed GWAS data from 3,548 cases and 5,972 controls recruited from the ischemic stroke WTCCC2 study, and with summary statistics from a further 8,480 cases and 56,032 controls in the METASTROKE consortium. A final in silico "look-up" of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 2,522 cases and 1,899 controls was performed. Associations were also examined in 1,088 cases with intracerebral hemorrhage and 1,102 controls.

RESULTS: In an overall analysis of 17,970 cases of ischemic stroke and 70,764 controls, we identified a novel association on chromosome 12q24 (rs10744777, odds ratio [OR] 1.10 [1.07-1.13], p = 7.12 × 10(-11)) with ischemic stroke. The association was with all ischemic stroke rather than an individual stroke subtype, with similar effect sizes seen in different stroke subtypes. There was no association with intracerebral hemorrhage (OR 1.03 [0.90-1.17], p = 0.695).

CONCLUSION: Our results show, for the first time, a genetic risk locus associated with ischemic stroke as a whole, rather than in a subtype-specific manner. This finding was not associated with intracerebral hemorrhage.

%B Neurology %V 83 %P 678-85 %8 2014 Aug 19 %G eng %N 8 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25031287?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000707 %0 Journal Article %J Stroke %D 2014 %T Multilocus genetic risk score associates with ischemic stroke in case-control and prospective cohort studies. %A Malik, Rainer %A Bevan, Steve %A Nalls, Michael A %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Devan, William J %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A %A Verhaaren, Benjamin F J %A Bis, Joshua C %A Joon, Aron Y %A de Stefano, Anita L %A Fornage, Myriam %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Launer, Lenore J %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Meschia, James F %A Levi, Christopher %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Markus, Hugh S %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Dichgans, Martin %K Adult %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Atrial Fibrillation %K Blood Pressure %K Brain Ischemia %K Case-Control Studies %K Cohort Studies %K Coronary Artery Disease %K Female %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genetic Variation %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Hypertension %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Multilocus Sequence Typing %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Population %K Prospective Studies %K Reproducibility of Results %K Risk Assessment %K Risk Factors %K Sex Factors %K Stroke %X

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Genome-wide association studies have revealed multiple common variants associated with known risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS). However, their aggregate effect on risk is uncertain. We aimed to generate a multilocus genetic risk score (GRS) for IS based on genome-wide association studies data from clinical-based samples and to establish its external validity in prospective population-based cohorts.

METHODS: Three thousand five hundred forty-eight clinic-based IS cases and 6399 controls from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 were used for derivation of the GRS. Subjects from the METASTROKE consortium served as a replication sample. The validation sample consisted of 22 751 participants from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium. We selected variants that had reached genome-wide significance in previous association studies on established risk factors for IS.

RESULTS: A combined GRS for atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and systolic blood pressure significantly associated with IS both in the case-control samples and in the prospective population-based studies. Subjects in the top quintile of the combined GRS had >2-fold increased risk of IS compared with subjects in the lowest quintile. Addition of the combined GRS to a simple model based on sex significantly improved the prediction of IS in the combined clinic-based samples but not in the population-based studies, and there was no significant improvement in net reclassification.

CONCLUSIONS: A multilocus GRS based on common variants for established cardiovascular risk factors was significantly associated with IS both in clinic-based samples and in the general population. However, the improvement in clinical risk prediction was found to be small.

%B Stroke %V 45 %P 394-402 %8 2014 Feb %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436234?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002938 %0 Journal Article %J Stroke %D 2014 %T Shared genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease: a genome-wide analysis of common variants. %A Dichgans, Martin %A Malik, Rainer %A König, Inke R %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Clarke, Robert %A Gretarsdottir, Solveig %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Levi, Christopher %A O'Donnell, Christopher J %A Fornage, Myriam %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Hengstenberg, Christian %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Erdmann, Jeanette %A Bis, Joshua C %A Peters, Annette %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A März, Winfried %A Meschia, James F %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Ikram, M Arfan %A McPherson, Ruth %A Stefansson, Kari %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Reilly, Muredach P %A Thompson, John R %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Chambers, John C %A Watkins, Hugh %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Roberts, Robert %A Markus, Hugh S %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Farrall, Martin %A Schunkert, Heribert %K Brain Ischemia %K Coronary Artery Disease %K Data Interpretation, Statistical %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Phenotype %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Reproducibility of Results %K Risk Factors %K Stroke %X

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ischemic stroke (IS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) share several risk factors and each has a substantial heritability. We conducted a genome-wide analysis to evaluate the extent of shared genetic determination of the two diseases.

METHODS: Genome-wide association data were obtained from the METASTROKE, Coronary Artery Disease Genome-wide Replication and Meta-analysis (CARDIoGRAM), and Coronary Artery Disease (C4D) Genetics consortia. We first analyzed common variants reaching a nominal threshold of significance (P<0.01) for CAD for their association with IS and vice versa. We then examined specific overlap across phenotypes for variants that reached a high threshold of significance. Finally, we conducted a joint meta-analysis on the combined phenotype of IS or CAD. Corresponding analyses were performed restricted to the 2167 individuals with the ischemic large artery stroke (LAS) subtype.

RESULTS: Common variants associated with CAD at P<0.01 were associated with a significant excess risk for IS and for LAS and vice versa. Among the 42 known genome-wide significant loci for CAD, 3 and 5 loci were significantly associated with IS and LAS, respectively. In the joint meta-analyses, 15 loci passed genome-wide significance (P<5×10(-8)) for the combined phenotype of IS or CAD and 17 loci passed genome-wide significance for LAS or CAD. Because these loci had prior evidence for genome-wide significance for CAD, we specifically analyzed the respective signals for IS and LAS and found evidence for association at chr12q24/SH2B3 (PIS=1.62×10(-7)) and ABO (PIS=2.6×10(-4)), as well as at HDAC9 (PLAS=2.32×10(-12)), 9p21 (PLAS=3.70×10(-6)), RAI1-PEMT-RASD1 (PLAS=2.69×10(-5)), EDNRA (PLAS=7.29×10(-4)), and CYP17A1-CNNM2-NT5C2 (PLAS=4.9×10(-4)).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate substantial overlap in the genetic risk of IS and particularly the LAS subtype with CAD.

%B Stroke %V 45 %P 24-36 %8 2014 Jan %G eng %N 1 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24262325?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002707 %0 Journal Article %J Stroke %D 2015 %T Genetic overlap between diagnostic subtypes of ischemic stroke. %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Traylor, Matthew %A Malik, Rainer %A Bevan, Steve %A Falcone, Guido %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Cotlarciuc, Ioana %A Bis, Joshua C %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Clarke, Robert %A Cole, John W %A Fornage, Myriam %A Furie, Karen L %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Jannes, Jim %A Kittner, Steven J %A Lincz, Lisa F %A Maguire, Jane M %A Meschia, James F %A Mosley, Thomas H %A Nalls, Mike A %A Oldmeadow, Christopher %A Parati, Eugenio A %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Scott, Rodney J %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Wiggins, Kerri L %A Worrall, Bradford B %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Dichgans, Martin %A Markus, Hugh S %A Levi, Christopher %A Attia, John %A Wray, Naomi R %K Alleles %K Atherosclerosis %K Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases %K Cohort Studies %K Data Interpretation, Statistical %K Embolism %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genotype %K Humans %K Ischemia %K Linear Models %K Meta-Analysis as Topic %K Phenotype %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Stroke %X

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite moderate heritability, the phenotypic heterogeneity of ischemic stroke has hampered gene discovery, motivating analyses of diagnostic subtypes with reduced sample sizes. We assessed evidence for a shared genetic basis among the 3 major subtypes: large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolism, and small vessel disease (SVD), to inform potential cross-subtype analyses.

METHODS: Analyses used genome-wide summary data for 12 389 ischemic stroke cases (including 2167 LAA, 2405 cardioembolism, and 1854 SVD) and 62 004 controls from the Metastroke consortium. For 4561 cases and 7094 controls, individual-level genotype data were also available. Genetic correlations between subtypes were estimated using linear mixed models and polygenic profile scores. Meta-analysis of a combined LAA-SVD phenotype (4021 cases and 51 976 controls) was performed to identify shared risk alleles.

RESULTS: High genetic correlation was identified between LAA and SVD using linear mixed models (rg=0.96, SE=0.47, P=9×10(-4)) and profile scores (rg=0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.93). Between LAA and cardioembolism and SVD and cardioembolism, correlation was moderate using linear mixed models but not significantly different from zero for profile scoring. Joint meta-analysis of LAA and SVD identified strong association (P=1×10(-7)) for single nucleotide polymorphisms near the opioid receptor μ1 (OPRM1) gene.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that LAA and SVD, which have been hitherto treated as genetically distinct, may share a substantial genetic component. Combined analyses of LAA and SVD may increase power to identify small-effect alleles influencing shared pathophysiological processes.

%B Stroke %V 46 %P 615-9 %8 2015 Mar %G eng %N 3 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613305?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.007930 %0 Journal Article %J Neurology %D 2015 %T Shared genetic basis for migraine and ischemic stroke: A genome-wide analysis of common variants. %A Malik, Rainer %A Freilinger, Tobias %A Winsvold, Bendik S %A Anttila, Verneri %A Vander Heiden, Jason %A Traylor, Matthew %A de Vries, Boukje %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Terwindt, Gisela M %A Sturm, Jonathan %A Bis, Joshua C %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Ferrari, Michel D %A Rannikmae, Kristiina %A Wessman, Maija %A Kallela, Mikko %A Kubisch, Christian %A Fornage, Myriam %A Meschia, James F %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Clarke, Robert %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Maguire, Jane %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Farrall, Martin %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Kurth, Tobias %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Reiner, Alex P %A Longstreth, W T %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Strachan, David P %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Quaye, Lydia %A Cherkas, Lynn %A Schürks, Markus %A Rosand, Jonathan %A Ligthart, Lannie %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Davey Smith, George %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Stefansson, Kari %A Worrall, Bradford B %A Nyholt, Dale R %A Markus, Hugh S %A van den Maagdenberg, Arn M J M %A Cotsapas, Chris %A Zwart, John A %A Palotie, Aarno %A Dichgans, Martin %K Brain Ischemia %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Migraine with Aura %K Migraine without Aura %K Stroke %X

OBJECTIVE: To quantify genetic overlap between migraine and ischemic stroke (IS) with respect to common genetic variation.

METHODS: We applied 4 different approaches to large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide data on migraine (23,285 cases and 95,425 controls) and IS (12,389 cases and 62,004 controls). First, we queried known genome-wide significant loci for both disorders, looking for potential overlap of signals. We then analyzed the overall shared genetic load using polygenic scores and estimated the genetic correlation between disease subtypes using data derived from these models. We further interrogated genomic regions of shared risk using analysis of covariance patterns between the 2 phenotypes using cross-phenotype spatial mapping.

RESULTS: We found substantial genetic overlap between migraine and IS using all 4 approaches. Migraine without aura (MO) showed much stronger overlap with IS and its subtypes than migraine with aura (MA). The strongest overlap existed between MO and large artery stroke (LAS; p = 6.4 × 10(-28) for the LAS polygenic score in MO) and between MO and cardioembolic stroke (CE; p = 2.7 × 10(-20) for the CE score in MO).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate shared genetic susceptibility to migraine and IS, with a particularly strong overlap between MO and both LAS and CE pointing towards shared mechanisms. Our observations on MA are consistent with a limited role of common genetic variants in this subtype.

%B Neurology %V 84 %P 2132-45 %8 2015 May 26 %G eng %N 21 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25934857?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001606 %0 Journal Article %J Stroke %D 2016 %T Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Young-Onset Stroke Identifies a Locus on Chromosome 10q25 Near HABP2. %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Stanne, Tara M %A Giese, Anne-Katrin %A Ho, Weang Kee %A Traylor, Matthew %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Malik, Rainer %A Xu, Huichun %A Kittner, Steven J %A Cole, John W %A O'Connell, Jeffrey R %A Danesh, John %A Rasheed, Asif %A Zhao, Wei %A Engelter, Stefan %A Grond-Ginsbach, Caspar %A Kamatani, Yoichiro %A Lathrop, Mark %A Leys, Didier %A Thijs, Vincent %A Metso, Tiina M %A Tatlisumak, Turgut %A Pezzini, Alessandro %A Parati, Eugenio A %A Norrving, Bo %A Bevan, Steve %A Rothwell, Peter M %A Sudlow, Cathie %A Slowik, Agnieszka %A Lindgren, Arne %A Walters, Matthew R %A Jannes, Jim %A Shen, Jess %A Crosslin, David %A Doheny, Kimberly %A Laurie, Cathy C %A Kanse, Sandip M %A Bis, Joshua C %A Fornage, Myriam %A Mosley, Thomas H %A Hopewell, Jemma C %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Gieger, Christian %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Peters, Annette %A Meisinger, Christine %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Longstreth, W T %A Meschia, James F %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Sharma, Pankaj %A Worrall, Bradford %A Jern, Christina %A Levi, Christopher %A Dichgans, Martin %A Boncoraglio, Giorgio B %A Markus, Hugh S %A Debette, Stephanie %A Rolfs, Arndt %A Saleheen, Danish %A Mitchell, Braxton D %K Adult %K African Continental Ancestry Group %K Age of Onset %K Aged %K Asian Continental Ancestry Group %K Brain Ischemia %K Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 %K Computer Simulation %K DNA, Intergenic %K European Continental Ancestry Group %K Female %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Odds Ratio %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Serine Endopeptidases %K Stroke %X

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although a genetic contribution to ischemic stroke is well recognized, only a handful of stroke loci have been identified by large-scale genetic association studies to date. Hypothesizing that genetic effects might be stronger for early- versus late-onset stroke, we conducted a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies, focusing on stroke cases with an age of onset <60 years.

METHODS: The discovery stage of our genome-wide association studies included 4505 cases and 21 968 controls of European, South-Asian, and African ancestry, drawn from 6 studies. In Stage 2, we selected the lead genetic variants at loci with association P<5×10(-6) and performed in silico association analyses in an independent sample of ≤1003 cases and 7745 controls.

RESULTS: One stroke susceptibility locus at 10q25 reached genome-wide significance in the combined analysis of all samples from the discovery and follow-up stages (rs11196288; odds ratio =1.41; P=9.5×10(-9)). The associated locus is in an intergenic region between TCF7L2 and HABP2. In a further analysis in an independent sample, we found that 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in high linkage disequilibrium with rs11196288 were significantly associated with total plasma factor VII-activating protease levels, a product of HABP2.

CONCLUSIONS: HABP2, which encodes an extracellular serine protease involved in coagulation, fibrinolysis, and inflammatory pathways, may be a genetic susceptibility locus for early-onset stroke.

%B Stroke %V 47 %P 307-16 %8 2016 Feb %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26732560?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011328