%0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2013 %T Common variants associated with plasma triglycerides and risk for coronary artery disease. %A Do, Ron %A Willer, Cristen J %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Sengupta, Sebanti %A Gao, Chi %A Peloso, Gina M %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Ganna, Andrea %A Chen, Jin %A Buchkovich, Martin L %A Mora, Samia %A Beckmann, Jacques S %A Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L %A Chang, Hsing-Yi %A Demirkan, Ayse %A Den Hertog, Heleen M %A Donnelly, Louise A %A Ehret, Georg B %A Esko, Tõnu %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Fischer, Krista %A Fontanillas, Pierre %A Fraser, Ross M %A Freitag, Daniel F %A Gurdasani, Deepti %A Heikkilä, Kauko %A Hyppönen, Elina %A Isaacs, Aaron %A Jackson, Anne U %A Johansson, Asa %A Johnson, Toby %A Kaakinen, Marika %A Kettunen, Johannes %A Kleber, Marcus E %A Li, Xiaohui %A Luan, Jian'an %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Mangino, Massimo %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Montasser, May E %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Nolte, Ilja M %A O'Connell, Jeffrey R %A Palmer, Cameron D %A Perola, Markus %A Petersen, Ann-Kristin %A Sanna, Serena %A Saxena, Richa %A Service, Susan K %A Shah, Sonia %A Shungin, Dmitry %A Sidore, Carlo %A Song, Ci %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Surakka, Ida %A Tanaka, Toshiko %A Teslovich, Tanya M %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A van den Herik, Evita G %A Voight, Benjamin F %A Volcik, Kelly A %A Waite, Lindsay L %A Wong, Andrew %A Wu, Ying %A Zhang, Weihua %A Absher, Devin %A Asiki, Gershim %A Barroso, Inês %A Been, Latonya F %A Bolton, Jennifer L %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Brambilla, Paolo %A Burnett, Mary S %A Cesana, Giancarlo %A Dimitriou, Maria %A Doney, Alex S F %A Döring, Angela %A Elliott, Paul %A Epstein, Stephen E %A Eyjolfsson, Gudmundur Ingi %A Gigante, Bruna %A Goodarzi, Mark O %A Grallert, Harald %A Gravito, Martha L %A Groves, Christopher J %A Hallmans, Göran %A Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa %A Hayward, Caroline %A Hernandez, Dena %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Holm, Hilma %A Hung, Yi-Jen %A Illig, Thomas %A Jones, Michelle R %A Kaleebu, Pontiano %A Kastelein, John J P %A Khaw, Kay-Tee %A Kim, Eric %A Klopp, Norman %A Komulainen, Pirjo %A Kumari, Meena %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Lin, Shih-Yi %A Lindström, Jaana %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Mach, François %A McArdle, Wendy L %A Meisinger, Christa %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Müller, Gabrielle %A Nagaraja, Ramaiah %A Narisu, Narisu %A Nieminen, Tuomo V M %A Nsubuga, Rebecca N %A Olafsson, Isleifur %A Ong, Ken K %A Palotie, Aarno %A Papamarkou, Theodore %A Pomilla, Cristina %A Pouta, Anneli %A Rader, Daniel J %A Reilly, Muredach P %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Rudan, Igor %A Ruokonen, Aimo %A Samani, Nilesh %A Scharnagl, Hubert %A Seeley, Janet %A Silander, Kaisa %A Stančáková, Alena %A Stirrups, Kathleen %A Swift, Amy J %A Tiret, Laurence %A Uitterlinden, André G %A van Pelt, L Joost %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Wainwright, Nicholas %A Wijmenga, Cisca %A Wild, Sarah H %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Wilsgaard, Tom %A Wilson, James F %A Young, Elizabeth H %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Adair, Linda S %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Bandinelli, Stefania %A Bennett, Franklyn %A Bochud, Murielle %A Boehm, Bernhard O %A Boomsma, Dorret I %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Bornstein, Stefan R %A Bovet, Pascal %A Burnier, Michel %A Campbell, Harry %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chambers, John C %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Collins, Francis S %A Cooper, Richard S %A Danesh, John %A Dedoussis, George %A de Faire, Ulf %A Feranil, Alan B %A Ferrieres, Jean %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Freimer, Nelson B %A Gieger, Christian %A Groop, Leif C %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Gyllensten, Ulf %A Hamsten, Anders %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hingorani, Aroon %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Hofman, Albert %A Hovingh, G Kees %A Hsiung, Chao Agnes %A Humphries, Steve E %A Hunt, Steven C %A Hveem, Kristian %A Iribarren, Carlos %A Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jula, Antti %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Kesäniemi, Antero %A Kivimaki, Mika %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Koudstaal, Peter J %A Krauss, Ronald M %A Kuh, Diana %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Kyvik, Kirsten O %A Laakso, Markku %A Lakka, Timo A %A Lind, Lars %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Martin, Nicholas G %A März, Winfried %A McCarthy, Mark I %A McKenzie, Colin A %A Meneton, Pierre %A Metspalu, Andres %A Moilanen, Leena %A Morris, Andrew D %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Njølstad, Inger %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Power, Chris %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Price, Jackie F %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Quertermous, Thomas %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Saleheen, Danish %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Sanghera, Dharambir K %A Saramies, Jouko %A Schwarz, Peter E H %A Sheu, Wayne H-H %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Siegbahn, Agneta %A Spector, Tim D %A Stefansson, Kari %A Strachan, David P %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Tremoli, Elena %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Uusitupa, Matti %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Wallentin, Lars %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Whitfield, John B %A Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R %A Altshuler, David %A Ordovas, Jose M %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Franks, Paul W %A Ripatti, Samuli %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Sandhu, Manjinder S %A Rich, Stephen S %A Boehnke, Michael %A Deloukas, Panos %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Abecasis, Goncalo R %A Daly, Mark J %A Neale, Benjamin M %A Kathiresan, Sekar %K Biological Transport %K Cholesterol, HDL %K Cholesterol, LDL %K Coronary Artery Disease %K Humans %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Risk Factors %K Triglycerides %X

Triglycerides are transported in plasma by specific triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; in epidemiological studies, increased triglyceride levels correlate with higher risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it is unclear whether this association reflects causal processes. We used 185 common variants recently mapped for plasma lipids (P < 5 × 10(-8) for each) to examine the role of triglycerides in risk for CAD. First, we highlight loci associated with both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride levels, and we show that the direction and magnitude of the associations with both traits are factors in determining CAD risk. Second, we consider loci with only a strong association with triglycerides and show that these loci are also associated with CAD. Finally, in a model accounting for effects on LDL-C and/or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the strength of a polymorphism's effect on triglyceride levels is correlated with the magnitude of its effect on CAD risk. These results suggest that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins causally influence risk for CAD.

%B Nat Genet %V 45 %P 1345-52 %8 2013 Nov %G eng %N 11 %R 10.1038/ng.2795 %0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2013 %T Discovery and refinement of loci associated with lipid levels. %A Willer, Cristen J %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Sengupta, Sebanti %A Peloso, Gina M %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Ganna, Andrea %A Chen, Jin %A Buchkovich, Martin L %A Mora, Samia %A Beckmann, Jacques S %A Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L %A Chang, Hsing-Yi %A Demirkan, Ayse %A Den Hertog, Heleen M %A Do, Ron %A Donnelly, Louise A %A Ehret, Georg B %A Esko, Tõnu %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Fischer, Krista %A Fontanillas, Pierre %A Fraser, Ross M %A Freitag, Daniel F %A Gurdasani, Deepti %A Heikkilä, Kauko %A Hyppönen, Elina %A Isaacs, Aaron %A Jackson, Anne U %A Johansson, Asa %A Johnson, Toby %A Kaakinen, Marika %A Kettunen, Johannes %A Kleber, Marcus E %A Li, Xiaohui %A Luan, Jian'an %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Mangino, Massimo %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Montasser, May E %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Nolte, Ilja M %A O'Connell, Jeffrey R %A Palmer, Cameron D %A Perola, Markus %A Petersen, Ann-Kristin %A Sanna, Serena %A Saxena, Richa %A Service, Susan K %A Shah, Sonia %A Shungin, Dmitry %A Sidore, Carlo %A Song, Ci %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Surakka, Ida %A Tanaka, Toshiko %A Teslovich, Tanya M %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A van den Herik, Evita G %A Voight, Benjamin F %A Volcik, Kelly A %A Waite, Lindsay L %A Wong, Andrew %A Wu, Ying %A Zhang, Weihua %A Absher, Devin %A Asiki, Gershim %A Barroso, Inês %A Been, Latonya F %A Bolton, Jennifer L %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Brambilla, Paolo %A Burnett, Mary S %A Cesana, Giancarlo %A Dimitriou, Maria %A Doney, Alex S F %A Döring, Angela %A Elliott, Paul %A Epstein, Stephen E %A Ingi Eyjolfsson, Gudmundur %A Gigante, Bruna %A Goodarzi, Mark O %A Grallert, Harald %A Gravito, Martha L %A Groves, Christopher J %A Hallmans, Göran %A Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa %A Hayward, Caroline %A Hernandez, Dena %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Holm, Hilma %A Hung, Yi-Jen %A Illig, Thomas %A Jones, Michelle R %A Kaleebu, Pontiano %A Kastelein, John J P %A Khaw, Kay-Tee %A Kim, Eric %A Klopp, Norman %A Komulainen, Pirjo %A Kumari, Meena %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Lin, Shih-Yi %A Lindström, Jaana %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Mach, François %A McArdle, Wendy L %A Meisinger, Christa %A Mitchell, Braxton D %A Müller, Gabrielle %A Nagaraja, Ramaiah %A Narisu, Narisu %A Nieminen, Tuomo V M %A Nsubuga, Rebecca N %A Olafsson, Isleifur %A Ong, Ken K %A Palotie, Aarno %A Papamarkou, Theodore %A Pomilla, Cristina %A Pouta, Anneli %A Rader, Daniel J %A Reilly, Muredach P %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Rudan, Igor %A Ruokonen, Aimo %A Samani, Nilesh %A Scharnagl, Hubert %A Seeley, Janet %A Silander, Kaisa %A Stančáková, Alena %A Stirrups, Kathleen %A Swift, Amy J %A Tiret, Laurence %A Uitterlinden, André G %A van Pelt, L Joost %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Wainwright, Nicholas %A Wijmenga, Cisca %A Wild, Sarah H %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Wilsgaard, Tom %A Wilson, James F %A Young, Elizabeth H %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Adair, Linda S %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Bandinelli, Stefania %A Bennett, Franklyn %A Bochud, Murielle %A Boehm, Bernhard O %A Boomsma, Dorret I %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Bornstein, Stefan R %A Bovet, Pascal %A Burnier, Michel %A Campbell, Harry %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chambers, John C %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Collins, Francis S %A Cooper, Richard S %A Danesh, John %A Dedoussis, George %A de Faire, Ulf %A Feranil, Alan B %A Ferrieres, Jean %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Freimer, Nelson B %A Gieger, Christian %A Groop, Leif C %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Gyllensten, Ulf %A Hamsten, Anders %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hingorani, Aroon %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Hofman, Albert %A Hovingh, G Kees %A Hsiung, Chao Agnes %A Humphries, Steve E %A Hunt, Steven C %A Hveem, Kristian %A Iribarren, Carlos %A Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jula, Antti %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Kesäniemi, Antero %A Kivimaki, Mika %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Koudstaal, Peter J %A Krauss, Ronald M %A Kuh, Diana %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Kyvik, Kirsten O %A Laakso, Markku %A Lakka, Timo A %A Lind, Lars %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Martin, Nicholas G %A März, Winfried %A McCarthy, Mark I %A McKenzie, Colin A %A Meneton, Pierre %A Metspalu, Andres %A Moilanen, Leena %A Morris, Andrew D %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Njølstad, Inger %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Power, Chris %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Price, Jackie F %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Quertermous, Thomas %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Saleheen, Danish %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Sanghera, Dharambir K %A Saramies, Jouko %A Schwarz, Peter E H %A Sheu, Wayne H-H %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Siegbahn, Agneta %A Spector, Tim D %A Stefansson, Kari %A Strachan, David P %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Tremoli, Elena %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Uusitupa, Matti %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Wallentin, Lars %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Whitfield, John B %A Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R %A Ordovas, Jose M %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Franks, Paul W %A Ripatti, Samuli %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Sandhu, Manjinder S %A Rich, Stephen S %A Boehnke, Michael %A Deloukas, Panos %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Abecasis, Goncalo R %K African Continental Ancestry Group %K Asian Continental Ancestry Group %K Cholesterol, HDL %K Cholesterol, LDL %K Coronary Artery Disease %K European Continental Ancestry Group %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genotype %K Humans %K Lipids %K Triglycerides %X

Levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol are heritable, modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. To identify new loci and refine known loci influencing these lipids, we examined 188,577 individuals using genome-wide and custom genotyping arrays. We identify and annotate 157 loci associated with lipid levels at P < 5 × 10(-8), including 62 loci not previously associated with lipid levels in humans. Using dense genotyping in individuals of European, East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry, we narrow association signals in 12 loci. We find that loci associated with blood lipid levels are often associated with cardiovascular and metabolic traits, including coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, blood pressure, waist-hip ratio and body mass index. Our results demonstrate the value of using genetic data from individuals of diverse ancestry and provide insights into the biological mechanisms regulating blood lipids to guide future genetic, biological and therapeutic research.

%B Nat Genet %V 45 %P 1274-1283 %8 2013 Nov %G eng %N 11 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24097068?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/ng.2797 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Hum Genet %D 2014 %T Whole-exome sequencing identifies rare and low-frequency coding variants associated with LDL cholesterol. %A Lange, Leslie A %A Hu, Youna %A Zhang, He %A Xue, Chenyi %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Tang, Zheng-Zheng %A Bizon, Chris %A Lange, Ethan M %A Smith, Joshua D %A Turner, Emily H %A Jun, Goo %A Kang, Hyun Min %A Peloso, Gina %A Auer, Paul %A Li, Kuo-Ping %A Flannick, Jason %A Zhang, Ji %A Fuchsberger, Christian %A Gaulton, Kyle %A Lindgren, Cecilia %A Locke, Adam %A Manning, Alisa %A Sim, Xueling %A Rivas, Manuel A %A Holmen, Oddgeir L %A Gottesman, Omri %A Lu, Yingchang %A Ruderfer, Douglas %A Stahl, Eli A %A Duan, Qing %A Li, Yun %A Durda, Peter %A Jiao, Shuo %A Isaacs, Aaron %A Hofman, Albert %A Bis, Joshua C %A Correa, Adolfo %A Griswold, Michael E %A Jakobsdottir, Johanna %A Smith, Albert V %A Schreiner, Pamela J %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Zhang, Qunyuan %A Huffman, Jennifer E %A Crosby, Jacy %A Wassel, Christina L %A Do, Ron %A Franceschini, Nora %A Martin, Lisa W %A Robinson, Jennifer G %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Crosslin, David R %A Rosenthal, Elisabeth A %A Tsai, Michael %A Rieder, Mark J %A Farlow, Deborah N %A Folsom, Aaron R %A Lumley, Thomas %A Fox, Ervin R %A Carlson, Christopher S %A Peters, Ulrike %A Jackson, Rebecca D %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Levy, Daniel %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Taylor, Herman A %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Siscovick, David S %A Fornage, Myriam %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Hayward, Caroline %A Rudan, Igor %A Chen, Y Eugene %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Sætrom, Pål %A Hveem, Kristian %A Boehnke, Michael %A Groop, Leif %A McCarthy, Mark %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Ballantyne, Christie M %A Gabriel, Stacey B %A O'Donnell, Christopher J %A Post, Wendy S %A North, Kari E %A Reiner, Alexander P %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Altshuler, David %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Lin, Dan-Yu %A Jarvik, Gail P %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Wilson, James G %A Nickerson, Deborah A %A Abecasis, Goncalo R %A Rich, Stephen S %A Tracy, Russell P %A Willer, Cristen J %K Adult %K Aged %K Apolipoproteins E %K Cholesterol, LDL %K Cohort Studies %K Dyslipidemias %K Exome %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Gene Frequency %K Genetic Code %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genotype %K Humans %K Lipase %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Phenotype %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Proprotein Convertase 9 %K Proprotein Convertases %K Receptors, LDL %K Sequence Analysis, DNA %K Serine Endopeptidases %X

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a treatable, heritable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 157 variants associated with lipid levels but are not well suited to assess the impact of rare and low-frequency variants. To determine whether rare or low-frequency coding variants are associated with LDL-C, we exome sequenced 2,005 individuals, including 554 individuals selected for extreme LDL-C (>98(th) or <2(nd) percentile). Follow-up analyses included sequencing of 1,302 additional individuals and genotype-based analysis of 52,221 individuals. We observed significant evidence of association between LDL-C and the burden of rare or low-frequency variants in PNPLA5, encoding a phospholipase-domain-containing protein, and both known and previously unidentified variants in PCSK9, LDLR and APOB, three known lipid-related genes. The effect sizes for the burden of rare variants for each associated gene were substantially higher than those observed for individual SNPs identified from GWASs. We replicated the PNPLA5 signal in an independent large-scale sequencing study of 2,084 individuals. In conclusion, this large whole-exome-sequencing study for LDL-C identified a gene not known to be implicated in LDL-C and provides unique insight into the design and analysis of similar experiments.

%B Am J Hum Genet %V 94 %P 233-45 %8 2014 Feb 06 %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24507775?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.01.010 %0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2017 %T Exome-wide association study of plasma lipids in >300,000 individuals. %A Liu, Dajiang J %A Peloso, Gina M %A Yu, Haojie %A Butterworth, Adam S %A Wang, Xiao %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Saleheen, Danish %A Emdin, Connor %A Alam, Dewan %A Alves, Alexessander Couto %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Di Angelantonio, Emanuele %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Auer, Paul L %A Baber, Usman %A Ballantyne, Christie M %A Bang, Lia E %A Benn, Marianne %A Bis, Joshua C %A Boehnke, Michael %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Bork-Jensen, Jette %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Brandslund, Ivan %A Brown, Morris %A Busonero, Fabio %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Chambers, John C %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Chen, Y Eugene %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Chowdhury, Rajiv %A Christensen, Cramer %A Chu, Audrey Y %A Connell, John M %A Cucca, Francesco %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Damrauer, Scott M %A Davies, Gail %A Deary, Ian J %A Dedoussis, George %A Denny, Joshua C %A Dominiczak, Anna %A Dubé, Marie-Pierre %A Ebeling, Tapani %A Eiriksdottir, Gudny %A Esko, Tõnu %A Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Ferrario, Marco %A Ferrieres, Jean %A Ford, Ian %A Fornage, Myriam %A Franks, Paul W %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth %A Fritsche, Lars G %A Frossard, Philippe %A Fuster, Valentin %A Ganesh, Santhi K %A Gao, Wei %A Garcia, Melissa E %A Gieger, Christian %A Giulianini, Franco %A Goodarzi, Mark O %A Grallert, Harald %A Grarup, Niels %A Groop, Leif %A Grove, Megan L %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Hansen, Torben %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hayward, Caroline %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Holmen, Oddgeir L %A Huffman, Jennifer %A Huo, Yong %A Hveem, Kristian %A Jabeen, Sehrish %A Jackson, Anne U %A Jakobsdottir, Johanna %A Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jensen, Gorm B %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Justesen, Johanne M %A Kamstrup, Pia R %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Karpe, Fredrik %A Kee, Frank %A Khera, Amit V %A Klarin, Derek %A Koistinen, Heikki A %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Kuulasmaa, Kari %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Laakso, Markku %A Lakka, Timo %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Langsted, Anne %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lauritzen, Torsten %A Liewald, David C M %A Lin, Li An %A Linneberg, Allan %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Lu, Yingchang %A Lu, Xiangfeng %A Mägi, Reedik %A Mälarstig, Anders %A Manichaikul, Ani %A Manning, Alisa K %A Mäntyselkä, Pekka %A Marouli, Eirini %A Masca, Nicholas G D %A Maschio, Andrea %A Meigs, James B %A Melander, Olle %A Metspalu, Andres %A Morris, Andrew P %A Morrison, Alanna C %A Mulas, Antonella %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Neville, Matt J %A Nielsen, Jonas B %A Nielsen, Sune F %A Nordestgaard, Børge G %A Ordovas, Jose M %A Mehran, Roxana %A O'Donnell, Christoper J %A Orho-Melander, Marju %A Molony, Cliona M %A Muntendam, Pieter %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Pasko, Dorota %A Patel, Aniruddh P %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Perola, Markus %A Peters, Annette %A Pisinger, Charlotta %A Pistis, Giorgio %A Polasek, Ozren %A Poulter, Neil %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Rader, Daniel J %A Rasheed, Asif %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Reilly, Dermot F %A Reiner, Alex P %A Renstrom, Frida %A Rich, Stephen S %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rioux, John D %A Robertson, Neil R %A Roden, Dan M %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Rudan, Igor %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Sanna, Serena %A Sattar, Naveed %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Scott, Robert A %A Sever, Peter %A Sevilla, Raquel S %A Shaffer, Christian M %A Sim, Xueling %A Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh %A Small, Kerrin S %A Smith, Albert V %A Smith, Blair H %A Somayajula, Sangeetha %A Southam, Lorraine %A Spector, Timothy D %A Speliotes, Elizabeth K %A Starr, John M %A Stirrups, Kathleen E %A Stitziel, Nathan %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Stringham, Heather M %A Surendran, Praveen %A Tada, Hayato %A Tall, Alan R %A Tang, Hua %A Tardif, Jean-Claude %A Taylor, Kent D %A Trompet, Stella %A Tsao, Philip S %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne %A van Zuydam, Natalie R %A Varbo, Anette %A Varga, Tibor V %A Virtamo, Jarmo %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Wang, Nan %A Wareham, Nick J %A Warren, Helen R %A Weeke, Peter E %A Weinstock, Joshua %A Wessel, Jennifer %A Wilson, James G %A Wilson, Peter W F %A Xu, Ming %A Yaghootkar, Hanieh %A Young, Robin %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Zhang, He %A Zheng, Neil S %A Zhang, Weihua %A Zhang, Yan %A Zhou, Wei %A Zhou, Yanhua %A Zoledziewska, Magdalena %A Howson, Joanna M M %A Danesh, John %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Cowan, Chad A %A Abecasis, Goncalo %A Deloukas, Panos %A Musunuru, Kiran %A Willer, Cristen J %A Kathiresan, Sekar %K Coronary Artery Disease %K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 %K Exome %K Genetic Association Studies %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genetic Variation %K Genotype %K Humans %K Lipids %K Macular Degeneration %K Phenotype %K Risk Factors %X

We screened variants on an exome-focused genotyping array in >300,000 participants (replication in >280,000 participants) and identified 444 independent variants in 250 loci significantly associated with total cholesterol (TC), high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and/or triglycerides (TG). At two loci (JAK2 and A1CF), experimental analysis in mice showed lipid changes consistent with the human data. We also found that: (i) beta-thalassemia trait carriers displayed lower TC and were protected from coronary artery disease (CAD); (ii) excluding the CETP locus, there was not a predictable relationship between plasma HDL-C and risk for age-related macular degeneration; (iii) only some mechanisms of lowering LDL-C appeared to increase risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D); and (iv) TG-lowering alleles involved in hepatic production of TG-rich lipoproteins (TM6SF2 and PNPLA3) tracked with higher liver fat, higher risk for T2D, and lower risk for CAD, whereas TG-lowering alleles involved in peripheral lipolysis (LPL and ANGPTL4) had no effect on liver fat but decreased risks for both T2D and CAD.

%B Nat Genet %V 49 %P 1758-1766 %8 2017 Dec %G eng %N 12 %R 10.1038/ng.3977 %0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2022 %T Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation. %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Spracklen, Cassandra N %A Zhang, Weihua %A Ng, Maggie C Y %A Petty, Lauren E %A Kitajima, Hidetoshi %A Yu, Grace Z %A Rüeger, Sina %A Speidel, Leo %A Kim, Young Jin %A Horikoshi, Momoko %A Mercader, Josep M %A Taliun, Daniel %A Moon, Sanghoon %A Kwak, Soo-Heon %A Robertson, Neil R %A Rayner, Nigel W %A Loh, Marie %A Kim, Bong-Jo %A Chiou, Joshua %A Miguel-Escalada, Irene %A Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro %A Lin, Kuang %A Bragg, Fiona %A Preuss, Michael H %A Takeuchi, Fumihiko %A Nano, Jana %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Lamri, Amel %A Nakatochi, Masahiro %A Scott, Robert A %A Lee, Jung-Jin %A Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia %A Graff, Mariaelisa %A Chai, Jin-Fang %A Parra, Esteban J %A Yao, Jie %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Tabara, Yasuharu %A Hai, Yang %A Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur %A Cook, James P %A Kals, Mart %A Grarup, Niels %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Pan, Ian %A Sofer, Tamar %A Wuttke, Matthias %A Sarnowski, Chloe %A Gieger, Christian %A Nousome, Darryl %A Trompet, Stella %A Long, Jirong %A Sun, Meng %A Tong, Lin %A Chen, Wei-Min %A Ahmad, Meraj %A Noordam, Raymond %A Lim, Victor J Y %A Tam, Claudia H T %A Joo, Yoonjung Yoonie %A Chen, Chien-Hsiun %A Raffield, Laura M %A Lecoeur, Cécile %A Prins, Bram Peter %A Nicolas, Aude %A Yanek, Lisa R %A Chen, Guanjie %A Jensen, Richard A %A Tajuddin, Salman %A Kabagambe, Edmond K %A An, Ping %A Xiang, Anny H %A Choi, Hyeok Sun %A Cade, Brian E %A Tan, Jingyi %A Flanagan, Jack %A Abaitua, Fernando %A Adair, Linda S %A Adeyemo, Adebowale %A Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A %A Akiyama, Masato %A Anand, Sonia S %A Bertoni, Alain %A Bian, Zheng %A Bork-Jensen, Jette %A Brandslund, Ivan %A Brody, Jennifer A %A Brummett, Chad M %A Buchanan, Thomas A %A Canouil, Mickaël %A Chan, Juliana C N %A Chang, Li-Ching %A Chee, Miao-Li %A Chen, Ji %A Chen, Shyh-Huei %A Chen, Yuan-Tsong %A Chen, Zhengming %A Chuang, Lee-Ming %A Cushman, Mary %A Das, Swapan K %A de Silva, H Janaka %A Dedoussis, George %A Dimitrov, Latchezar %A Doumatey, Ayo P %A Du, Shufa %A Duan, Qing %A Eckardt, Kai-Uwe %A Emery, Leslie S %A Evans, Daniel S %A Evans, Michele K %A Fischer, Krista %A Floyd, James S %A Ford, Ian %A Fornage, Myriam %A Franco, Oscar H %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Freedman, Barry I %A Fuchsberger, Christian %A Genter, Pauline %A Gerstein, Hertzel C %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A González-Villalpando, Clicerio %A Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria Elena %A Goodarzi, Mark O %A Gordon-Larsen, Penny %A Gorkin, David %A Gross, Myron %A Guo, Yu %A Hackinger, Sophie %A Han, Sohee %A Hattersley, Andrew T %A Herder, Christian %A Howard, Annie-Green %A Hsueh, Willa %A Huang, Mengna %A Huang, Wei %A Hung, Yi-Jen %A Hwang, Mi Yeong %A Hwu, Chii-Min %A Ichihara, Sahoko %A Ikram, Mohammad Arfan %A Ingelsson, Martin %A Islam, Md Tariqul %A Isono, Masato %A Jang, Hye-Mi %A Jasmine, Farzana %A Jiang, Guozhi %A Jonas, Jost B %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Jørgensen, Torben %A Kamatani, Yoichiro %A Kandeel, Fouad R %A Kasturiratne, Anuradhani %A Katsuya, Tomohiro %A Kaur, Varinderpal %A Kawaguchi, Takahisa %A Keaton, Jacob M %A Kho, Abel N %A Khor, Chiea-Chuen %A Kibriya, Muhammad G %A Kim, Duk-Hwan %A Kohara, Katsuhiko %A Kriebel, Jennifer %A Kronenberg, Florian %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Läll, Kristi %A Lange, Leslie A %A Lee, Myung-Shik %A Lee, Nanette R %A Leong, Aaron %A Li, Liming %A Li, Yun %A Li-Gao, Ruifang %A Ligthart, Symen %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Linneberg, Allan %A Liu, Ching-Ti %A Liu, Jianjun %A Locke, Adam E %A Louie, Tin %A Luan, Jian'an %A Luk, Andrea O %A Luo, Xi %A Lv, Jun %A Lyssenko, Valeriya %A Mamakou, Vasiliki %A Mani, K Radha %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Metspalu, Andres %A Morris, Andrew D %A Nadkarni, Girish N %A Nadler, Jerry L %A Nalls, Michael A %A Nayak, Uma %A Nongmaithem, Suraj S %A Ntalla, Ioanna %A Okada, Yukinori %A Orozco, Lorena %A Patel, Sanjay R %A Pereira, Mark A %A Peters, Annette %A Pirie, Fraser J %A Porneala, Bianca %A Prasad, Gauri %A Preissl, Sebastian %A Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J %A Reiner, Alexander P %A Roden, Michael %A Rohde, Rebecca %A Roll, Kathryn %A Sabanayagam, Charumathi %A Sander, Maike %A Sandow, Kevin %A Sattar, Naveed %A Schönherr, Sebastian %A Schurmann, Claudia %A Shahriar, Mohammad %A Shi, Jinxiu %A Shin, Dong Mun %A Shriner, Daniel %A Smith, Jennifer A %A So, Wing Yee %A Stančáková, Alena %A Stilp, Adrienne M %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Suzuki, Ken %A Takahashi, Atsushi %A Taylor, Kent D %A Thorand, Barbara %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Tomlinson, Brian %A Torres, Jason M %A Tsai, Fuu-Jen %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Tusié-Luna, Teresa %A Udler, Miriam S %A Valladares-Salgado, Adan %A van Dam, Rob M %A van Klinken, Jan B %A Varma, Rohit %A Vujkovic, Marijana %A Wacher-Rodarte, Niels %A Wheeler, Eleanor %A Whitsel, Eric A %A Wickremasinghe, Ananda R %A van Dijk, Ko Willems %A Witte, Daniel R %A Yajnik, Chittaranjan S %A Yamamoto, Ken %A Yamauchi, Toshimasa %A Yengo, Loic %A Yoon, Kyungheon %A Yu, Canqing %A Yuan, Jian-Min %A Yusuf, Salim %A Zhang, Liang %A Zheng, Wei %A Raffel, Leslie J %A Igase, Michiya %A Ipp, Eli %A Redline, Susan %A Cho, Yoon Shin %A Lind, Lars %A Province, Michael A %A Hanis, Craig L %A Peyser, Patricia A %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Zonderman, Alan B %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Wang, Ya-Xing %A Rotimi, Charles N %A Becker, Diane M %A Matsuda, Fumihiko %A Liu, Yongmei %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Yokota, Mitsuhiro %A Rich, Stephen S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Pankow, James S %A Engert, James C %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Froguel, Philippe %A Wilson, James G %A Sheu, Wayne H H %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Wu, Jer-Yuarn %A Hayes, M Geoffrey %A Ma, Ronald C W %A Wong, Tien-Yin %A Groop, Leif %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Chandak, Giriraj R %A Collins, Francis S %A Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan %A Paré, Guillaume %A Sale, Michèle M %A Ahsan, Habibul %A Motala, Ayesha A %A Shu, Xiao-Ou %A Park, Kyong-Soo %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Cruz, Miguel %A McKean-Cowdin, Roberta %A Grallert, Harald %A Cheng, Ching-Yu %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Dehghan, Abbas %A Tai, E-Shyong %A Dupuis, Josée %A Kato, Norihiro %A Laakso, Markku %A Köttgen, Anna %A Koh, Woon-Puay %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Liu, Simin %A Abecasis, Goncalo %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Loos, Ruth J F %A North, Kari E %A Haiman, Christopher A %A Florez, Jose C %A Saleheen, Danish %A Hansen, Torben %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Mägi, Reedik %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Maeda, Shiro %A Kadowaki, Takashi %A Lee, Juyoung %A Millwood, Iona Y %A Walters, Robin G %A Stefansson, Kari %A Myers, Simon R %A Ferrer, Jorge %A Gaulton, Kyle J %A Meigs, James B %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Gloyn, Anna L %A Bowden, Donald W %A Below, Jennifer E %A Chambers, John C %A Sim, Xueling %A Boehnke, Michael %A Rotter, Jerome I %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Morris, Andrew P %K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 %K Ethnicity %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Risk Factors %X

We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background.

%B Nat Genet %V 54 %P 560-572 %8 2022 May %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1038/s41588-022-01058-3