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Comparison of characteristics and outcomes of asymptomatic versus symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in subjects 65 years old or older (from the Cardiovascular Health Study).

TitleComparison of characteristics and outcomes of asymptomatic versus symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in subjects 65 years old or older (from the Cardiovascular Health Study).
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsPandhi, J, Gottdiener, JS, Bartz, TM, Kop, WJ, Mehra, MR
JournalAm J Cardiol
Volume107
Issue11
Pagination1667-74
Date Published2011 Jun 01
ISSN1879-1913
KeywordsAged, Female, Heart Failure, Systolic, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Ultrasonography, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
Abstract<p>Although asymptomatic left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (ALVSD) is common, its phenotype and prognosis for incident heart failure (HF) and mortality are insufficiently understood. Echocardiography was done in 5,649 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (age 73.0 ± 5.6 years, 57.6% women). The clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of the participants with ALVSD were compared to those with normal LV function (ejection fraction ≥55%) and with symptomatic LV systolic dysfunction (SLVSD; ejection fraction <55% and a history of HF). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of incident HF and mortality in those with ALVSD. Also, comparisons were made among the LV ejection fraction subgroups using previously validated cutoff values (<45% and 45% to 55%), adjusting for the demographic and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Those with ALVSD (7.3%) were more likely to have cardiovascular risk factors than those in the reference group (without LV dysfunction or symptomatic HF) but less likely than those with SLVSD. The HF rate was 24 occurrences per 1,000 person-years in the reference group and 57 occurrences per 1,000 person-years in those with ALVSD. The HF rate was 45 occurrences per 1,000 person-years for those with ALVSD and mildly impaired LV dysfunction and 93 occurrences per 1,000 person-years for those with ALVSD and moderate to severe LV dysfunction. The mortality rate was 51 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the reference group, 90 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the ALVSD group, and 156 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the SLVSD group. Adjusting for covariates, compared to the reference group, ALVSD was associated with an increased risk of incident HF (hazard ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.35 to 1.91), cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio 2.13, 95% confidence interval 1.81 to 2.51), and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 1.64). In conclusion, subjects with ALVSD are characterized by a greater prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities than those with normal LV function and without HF. However, the prevalence is lower than in those with SLVSD. Patients with ALVSD are at an increased risk of HF and mortality, particularly those with greater severity of LV impairment.</p>
DOI10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.01.051
Alternate JournalAm. J. Cardiol.
PubMed ID21575752
PubMed Central IDPMC4143416
Grant ListR01 HL079376 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
U01 HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
HHSN268200800007C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01 HC015103 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC55222 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85086 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
HHSN268201200036C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85082 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC75150 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85083 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85079 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
R01 AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
N01 HC045133 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85080 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01 HC035129 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC85081 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States